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Abstract(s)
emergência ambiental tem alertado consumidores e indústrias a escolher produtos
derivados de fontes renováveis em detrimento de derivados de petróleo. No caso
particular da indústria de compósitos, os trabalhos de I&D têm sido constantes de
modo a conseguir a substituição das fibras sintéticas tradicionais por fibras naturais,
mantendo ou melhorando as propriedades do material. Os compósitos verdes são
ecológicos, de baixo custo, baixo peso e boas propriedades mecânicas e térmicas,
tornando-os essenciais para manter a sustentabilidade na indústria dos materiais.
As fibras naturais de origem vegetal dominam o campo de pesquisa de fibras
substitutas às fibras sintéticas, deste modo no presente trabalho foi estudada a
viabilidade de aplicação de fibra natural de origem animal, o pêlo de lã de cão Serra da
Estrela, em compósitos verdes.
Neste trabalho foram desenvolvidos compósitos com lã de cão Serra da Estrela com
diferentes tratamentos químicos e resina epóxi verde, realizou-se a caracterização das
fibras por Difração de Raios-X (DR-X), a sua análise no Microscópio eletrónico de
varrimento (SEM) e ainda a molhabilidade da fibra. Foram ainda estudadas e
analisadas as propriedades mecânicas dos compósitos através dos ensaios mecânicos
de tração, flexão e relaxamento. Por fim, foi realizada uma discussão critica dos
resultados obtidos nos ensaios realizados, onde foi possível verificar que o tratamento
com o álcool polivinílico (PVA) danificou a fibra, comprometendo o desempenho do
compósito, e que o compósito de fibra de lã de cão sem tratamento e a tratada com
hidróxido de sódio (NaOH) tiveram comportamentos similares, pelo que foi possível
verificar que o tratamento com NaOH apenas funcionou como um tratamento de
lavagem das fibras.
The environmental emergency has alerted consumers and industries to choose products derived from renewable sources over petroleum end products. In the particular case of the composite industry, R&D work has been constant in order to achieve the replacement of traditional synthetic fibers with natural fibers, maintaining or improving the properties of the material. Green composites are environmentally friendly, low cost, low weight and have good mechanical and thermal properties, making them essential for maintaining sustainability in the materials industry. Natural fibers of vegetable origin dominate the field of research into substitute fibers for synthetic fibers, so in the present work the feasibility of applying a natural fiber of animal origin, the wool hair of the Serra da Estrela Mountain dog, in green composites was studied. In this work, composites were developed with Serra da Estrela dog wool with different chemical treatments and green epoxy resin, the fibers were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), their analysis using the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and also the wettability of the fiber. The mechanical properties of the composites were also studied and analyzed through mechanical tensile, flexion and relaxation tests. Finally, a critical discussion of the results obtained in the tests carried out was done, and it was possible to verify that the treatment with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) damaged the fiber, compromising the performance of the composite, and that the untreated dog wool fiber composite and the one treated with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) had similar behavior, so it was possible to verify that the NaOH treatment only worked as a fiber washing treatment.
The environmental emergency has alerted consumers and industries to choose products derived from renewable sources over petroleum end products. In the particular case of the composite industry, R&D work has been constant in order to achieve the replacement of traditional synthetic fibers with natural fibers, maintaining or improving the properties of the material. Green composites are environmentally friendly, low cost, low weight and have good mechanical and thermal properties, making them essential for maintaining sustainability in the materials industry. Natural fibers of vegetable origin dominate the field of research into substitute fibers for synthetic fibers, so in the present work the feasibility of applying a natural fiber of animal origin, the wool hair of the Serra da Estrela Mountain dog, in green composites was studied. In this work, composites were developed with Serra da Estrela dog wool with different chemical treatments and green epoxy resin, the fibers were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), their analysis using the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and also the wettability of the fiber. The mechanical properties of the composites were also studied and analyzed through mechanical tensile, flexion and relaxation tests. Finally, a critical discussion of the results obtained in the tests carried out was done, and it was possible to verify that the treatment with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) damaged the fiber, compromising the performance of the composite, and that the untreated dog wool fiber composite and the one treated with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) had similar behavior, so it was possible to verify that the NaOH treatment only worked as a fiber washing treatment.
Description
Keywords
Compósitos Verdes Fibra de Lã de Cão Serra da Estrela Fibras Animais Resina Epóxida Verde