Browsing by Author "Vahteristo, Kari P."
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- Activity coefficients of aqueous Hydrochloric acid solutions up to a Molality of 6.0 mol kg-1 at temperatures from (5 to 45) °CPublication . Juusola, Pekka M.; Partanen, Jaakko; Vahteristo, Kari P.; Mendonça, António; Minkkinen, Pentti O.Simple three parameter activity coefficient equation originating from the DebyeHückel theory was used for the calculation of activity coefficients of aqueous hydrochloric acid at temperatures 5-45 °C up to a molality of 6 moI kg-I. N ew data from galvanic ce1ls without a liquid junction were used in the parameter estimations of this equation. These data consist of sets of measurements in the molality range 0.3-6.5 moI kg-I at temperatures 5, 15, 25, 35, and 45°C. It was observed that alI estimated parameters folIow very simple equations with respect to temperature. They are either constant or depend linearly on the temperature. The activity coefficient equation was tested with the celI potential difference data of Hamed and Ehlers (1933), ElIis (1916), Ákerlõf and Teare (1938), and Faita and Mussini (1964). It was observed that the most important data in these sets can be predicted welI by means of the activity coefficient equation. The activity coefficients obtained using the new equation were also compared to those obtained by means of the two-parameter Hückel and Pitzer equations presented by Partanen and Covington (2002) up to molality 2.0 moI kg-t, to those obtained by means of the Pitzer equations presented by Saluja et ai. (1986) and Holmes et ai. (1987), and to those obtained by means of the equation presented by Hamer and Wu (1972) for the temperature of 25°C.
- Re-evaluation of the Activity Coefficients of Aqueous Hydrochloric Acid Solutions up to a Molality of 16.0 mol·kg−1 Using the Hückel and Pitzer Equations at Temperatures from 0 to 50 °CPublication . Partanen, Jaakko; Juusola, Pekka M.; Vahteristo, Kari P.; Mendonça, AntónioThe simple three-parameter Pitzer and extended Huckel equations were used for calculation of activity coefficients of aqueous hydrochloric acid at various temperatures from 0 to 50◦C up to a molality of 5.0mol·kg−1. A more complex H¨uckel equation was also used at these temperatures up to a HCl molality of 16 mol·kg−1. The literature data measured by Harned and Ehlers J. Am. Chem. Soc. 54, 1350–1357 (1932) and 55, 2179–2193 (1933) and by Åkerl¨of and Teare [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 59, 1855–1868 (1937)] on galvanic cells without a liquid junction were used in the parameter estimations for these equations. The latter data consist of sets of measurements in the temperature range 0 to 50 ◦C at intervals of 10 ◦C, and data at these temperatures were used in all of these estimations. It was observed that the estimated parameters follow very simple equations with respect to temperature. They are either constant or depend linearly on the temperature. The values for the activity coefficient parameters calculated by using these simple equations are recommended here. The suggested new parameter values were tested with all reliable cell potential and vapor pressure data available in literature for concentrated HCl solutions. New Harned cell data at 5, 15, 25, 35, and 45 ◦C up to a molality of 6.5mol·kg−1 are reported and were also used in the tests. The activity coefficients obtained from the new equations were compared to those calculated by using the Pitzer equations of Holmes et al. [J. Chem. Thermodyn. 19, 863–890 (1987)] and of Saluja et al. [Can. J. Chem. 64, 1328–1335 (1986)] at various temperatures, and by using the extended H¨uckel equation of Hamer and Wu [J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 1, 1047–1099 (1972)] at 25 ◦C.