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- Non-slow-roll dynamics in α-attractorsPublication . Kumar, K. Sravan; Marto, João; Moniz, Paulo; Das, SuratnaIn this paper we consider the α−attractor model and study inflation under a non-slow-roll dynamics. More precisely, we follow the approach recently proposed by Gong and Sasaki [1] by means of assuming N=N(phi). Within this framework we obtain a family of functions describing the local shape of the potential during inflation. We study a specific model and find an inflationary scenario predicting an attractor at ns≈0.967 and r≈5.5×10^(−4). We further show that considering a non-slow-roll dynamics, the α−attractor model can be broaden to a wider class of models that remain compatible with value of r<0.1. We further explore the model parameter space with respect to large and small field inflation and conclude that the inflaton dynamics is connected to the α− parameter, which is also related to the Kähler manifold curvature in the supergravity (SUGRA) embedding of this model. We also comment on the stabilization of the inflaton's trajectory.
- Gravitational waves in α-attractorsPublication . Kumar, K. Sravan; Marto, João; Moniz, Paulo; Das, SuratnaWe study inflation in the alpha-attractor model under a non-slow-roll dynamics with an ansatz proposed by Gong & Sasaki of assuming N=N(phi). Under this approach, we construct a class of local shapes of inflaton potential that are different from the T-models. We find this type of inflationary scenario predicts an attractor at n_s~0.967 and r~0.00055. In our approach, the non-slow-roll inflaton dynamics are related to the $\alpha-$parameter which is the curvature of Kähler geometry in the SUGRA embedding of this model.
- K-essence model from the mechanical approach point of view: coupled scalar field and the late cosmic accelerationPublication . Bouhmadi Lopez, Mariam; Kumar, K. Sravan; Marto, João; Morais, João; Zhuk, AlexanderIn this paper, we consider the Universe at the late stage of its evolution and deep inside the cell of uniformity. At these scales, we can consider the Universe to be filled with dust-like matter in the form of discretely distributed galaxies, a K-essence scalar field, playing the role of dark energy, and radiation as matter sources. We investigate such a Universe in the mechanical approach. This means that the peculiar velocities of the inhomogeneities (in the form of galaxies) as well as the fluctuations of the other perfect fluids are non-relativistic. Such fluids are designated as coupled because they are concentrated around the inhomogeneities. In the present paper, we investigate the conditions under which the K-essence scalar field with the most general form for its action can become coupled. We investigate at the background level three particular examples of the K-essence models: (i) the pure kinetic K-essence field, (ii) a K-essence with a constant speed of sound and (iii) the K-essence model with the Lagrangian bX+cX2−V(phi). We demonstrate that if the K-essence is coupled, all these K-essence models take the form of multicomponent perfect fluids where one of the component is the cosmological constant. Therefore, they can provide the late-time cosmic acceleration and be simultaneously compatible with the mechanical approach.
- Inflation in a two 3-form fields scenarioPublication . Kumar, K. Sravan; Marto, João; Nunes, Nelson J.; Moniz, PauloA setting constituted by N 3-form fields, without any direct interaction between them, minimally coupled to gravity, is introduced in this paper as a framework to study the early evolution of the universe. We focus particularly on the two 3-forms case. An inflationary scenario is found, emerging from the coupling to gravity. More concretely, the fields coupled in this manner exhibit a complex interaction, mediated by the time derivative of the Hubble parameter. Our investigation is supported by means of a suitable choice of potentials, employing numerical methods and analytical approximations. In more detail, the oscillations on the small field limit become correlated, and one field is intertwined with the other. In this type of solution, a varying sound speed is present, together with the generation of isocurvature perturbations. The mentioned features allow to consider an interesting model, to test against observation. It is subsequently shown how our results are consistent with current CMB data (viz.Planck and BICEP2).
- DBI Galileon inflation in the light of Planck 2015Publication . Kumar, K. Sravan; Sánchez, Juan C. Bueno; Escamilla-Rivera, Celia; Marto, João; Moniz, PauloIn this work we consider a DBI Galileon (DBIG) inflationary model and constrain its parameter space with the Planck 2015 and BICEP2/Keck array and Planck (BKP) joint analysis data by means of a potential independent analysis. We focus our attention on inflationary solutions characterized by a constant or varying sound speed as well as warp factor. We impose bounds on stringy aspects of the model, such as the warp factor (f) and the induced gravity parameter (tilde m). We study the parameter space of the model and find that the tensor-to-scalar ratio can be as low as r sime 6 × 10−4 and inflation happens to be at GUT scale. In addition, we obtain the tilt of the tensor power spectrum and test the standard inflationary consistency relation (r = −8nt) against the latest bounds from the combined results of BKP+Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Waves Observatory (LIGO), and find that DBIG inflation predicts a red spectral index for the tensor power spectrum.
- Interacting 3-form dark energy models: distinguishing interactions and avoiding the Little Sibling of the Big RipPublication . Morais, João; Bouhmadi Lopez, Mariam; Kumar, K. Sravan; Marto, João; Tavakoli, YaserIn this paper we consider 3-form dark energy (DE) models with interactions in the dark sector. We aim to distinguish the phenomenological interactions that are defined through the dark matter (DM) and the DE energy densities. We do our analysis mainly in two stages. In the first stage, we identify the non-interacting 3-form DE model which generically leads to an abrupt late-time cosmological event which is known as the little sibling of the Big Rip (LSBR). We classify the interactions which can possibly avoid this late-time abrupt event. We also study the parameter space of the model that is consistent with the interaction between DM and DE energy densities at present as indicated by recent studies based on BAO and SDSS data. In the later stage, we observationally distinguish those interactions using the statefinder hierarchy parameters {S3(1),S4 (1)},{S3 (1),S5 (1)} . We also compute the growth factor parameter ε(z) for the various interactions we consider herein and use the composite null diagnostic (CND) {S3(1), ε(z)} as a tool to characterise those interactions by measuring their departures from the concordance model. In addition, we make a preliminary analysis of our model in light of the recently released data by SDSS~III on the measurement of the linear growth rate of structure.
- Non-Gaussianity in multiple three-form field inflationPublication . Kumar, K. Sravan; Mulryne, David J.; Nunes, Nelson J.; Marto, João; Moniz, PauloIn this work, we present a method for implementing the δN formalism to study the primordial non-Gaussianity produced in multiple three-form field inflation. Using a dual description relating three-form fields to noncanonical scalar fields, and employing existing results, we produce expressions for the bispectrum of the curvature perturbation in terms of three-form quantities. We study the bispectrum generated in a two three-form field inflationary scenario for a particular potential that for suitable values of the parameters was found in earlier work to give values of the spectral index and ratio of tensor to scalar perturbations compatible with current bounds. We calculate the reduced bispectrum for this model, finding an amplitude in equilateral and orthogonal configurations of δ(1) and in the squeezed limit of δ(10-3). We confirm, therefore, that this three-form inflationary scenario is compatible with present observational constraints.