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Abstract(s)
As águas que emergem de forma natural na Região da Meda, associadas a alinhamentos de fraturas extensos e profundos da família da Falha da Vilariça, enquadram-se na tipologia das águas sulfúreas alcalinas, bicarbonatadas sódicas, fluoretadas portuguesas.
Com o presente trabalho tenciona-se contribuir para a conceptualização do modelo dessas águas. O aprofundar do conhecimento sobre o modelo geohidráulico das águas sulfúreas vai possibilitar quantificar e qualificar os recursos existentes que ainda estão por explorar, e contribuir para uma gestão sustentável dos que hoje já são uma realidade, nomeadamente na otimização dos perímetros de proteção. Será possível definir melhor a localização de novas captações, obtendo maiores caudais e temperaturas, de modo a potencializar no futuro aproveitamentos energéticos no Concelho.
Este estudo incidiu em três setores distintos, onde emergem águas sulfúreas, a saber: setor das Termas de Longroiva, setor das Termas da Areola e setor das Águas do Graben. Os três setores localizam-se no Concelho de Meda e estendem-se para o Concelho de Trancoso; fazem parte do Distrito da Guarda, na Região da Beira Interior Norte de Portugal Continental.
De forma a atingir os objetivos propostos neste trabalho adotou-se uma metodologia multidisciplinar e faseada. Ao longo dos vários capítulos foi possível reunir, através de pesquisa bibliográfica, vários elementos nas áreas da geomorfologia, geologia, geologia estrutural, geofísica, hidrologia, hidrogeologia, hidrogeoquímica e microbiologia, com o intuito de caracterizar e enquadrar os setores em estudo. Foram ainda realizados vários trabalhos de campo para melhor sustentar e aprofundar o conhecimento nas várias áreas abordadas, que consistiram nas seguintes ações: i) amostragem de rochas das principais formações geológicas para análise petrográfica; ii) levantamento geológico-estrutural, com caracterização da fraturação em cada setor; iii) inventariação e monitorização de 267 pontos de água subterrânea na região, nos quais se efetuou a medição expedita e registo de vários parâmetros físico-químicos (Q, T, pH, Eh, CE, TDS e RE); iv) amostragem de águas subterrâneas dos sistemas aquíferos graníticos superficiais, dos sistemas aquíferos graníticos profundos (sulfúreas) e da chuva, para efetuar análises físico-químicas e isotópicas (2H, 18O e 3H); e v) prospeção geofísica, do tipo geoelétrica, no setor das Termas da Areola, com o intuito de localizar futuras captações de água sulfúrea. Para o tratamento e análise de dados recorreu-se a ferramentas SIG, softwares de estatística e a fórmulas empíricas e ábacos. Os resultados foram apresentados em mapas, gráficos e tabelas. Com os resultados obtidos foi possível conceptualizar o modelo geohidráulico das águas sulfúreas, que emergem nos vários setores, através de blocos diagramas 3D. O estudo desenvolvido nesta tese permitiu, por fim, apresentar conclusões com alguns aspetos inéditos e, uma vez que o orçamento desta tese era limitado e tendo em conta que desde o início ficou claro que este trabalho seria apenas um contributo, perspetivam-se investigações futuras, que irão certamente melhorar a conceção do modelo geohidráulico destas águas.
The waters that emerge naturally in the Meda Region, associated with extensive and deep fracture alignments of the Vilariça fault family, fit into the typology of Portuguese alkaline sulphurous, sodium bicarbonate and fluoridated waters. With this work we intend to contribute to the conceptualization of the model of these waters. The deepening of knowledge about the geohydraulic model of sulphurous waters will make it possible to quantify and qualify the existing resources that are still to be explored, and contribute to the sustainable management of those that are already a reality today, namely in the optimization of protection perimeters. It will be possible to better define the location of new abstractions, obtaining higher flows and temperatures, in order to potentialize future energy use in the Municipality. This study focused on three distinct sectors, where sulphurous waters emerge, namely: the Longroiva Thermal Spa sector, the Areola Thermal Spa sector and the Graben Water sector. The three sectors are located in the Municipality of Meda and extend to the Municipality of Trancoso; they are part of the District of Guarda, in the Beira Interior North Region of mainland Portugal. In order to achieve the objectives proposed in this work, a multidisciplinary and phased methodology was adopted. Throughout the various chapters, it was possible to bring together, through bibliographical research, various elements in the areas of geomorphology, geology, structural geology, geophysics, hydrology, hydrogeology, hydrogeochemistry and microbiology, in order to characterize and frame the sectors under study. Several field works were also carried out to better sustain and deepen knowledge in the various areas covered, which consisted of the following actions: i) sampling of rocks from the main geological formations for petrographic analysis; ii) geological-structural survey, with characterization of fracturing in each sector; iii) inventorying and monitoring of 267 groundwater points in the region, where expeditious measurement and recording of various physical-chemical parameters (Q, T, pH, Eh, CE, TDS and RE) were carried out; iv) groundwater sampling from superficial granitic aquifers, deep granitic aquifers (sulphurous) and rain, to carry out physicochemical and isotopic analyzes (2H, 18O and 3H); and v) geophysical prospecting, of the geoelectrical type, in the Areola Medical Spa sector, in order to locate future sulphurous water abstractions. For the treatment and analysis of data, GIS tools, statistical software and empirical formulas and abacuses were used. The results were presented in maps, graphs and tables. With the results obtained, it was possible to conceptualize the geohydraulic model of sulphurous waters, which emerge in the various sectors, through 3D block diagrams. The study developed in this thesis allowed, finally, to present conclusions with some unprecedented aspects and, since the budget for this thesis was limited and taking into account that from the beginning it was clear that this work would only be a contribution, future investigations are foreseen, which will certainly improve the design of the geohydraulic model of these waters.
The waters that emerge naturally in the Meda Region, associated with extensive and deep fracture alignments of the Vilariça fault family, fit into the typology of Portuguese alkaline sulphurous, sodium bicarbonate and fluoridated waters. With this work we intend to contribute to the conceptualization of the model of these waters. The deepening of knowledge about the geohydraulic model of sulphurous waters will make it possible to quantify and qualify the existing resources that are still to be explored, and contribute to the sustainable management of those that are already a reality today, namely in the optimization of protection perimeters. It will be possible to better define the location of new abstractions, obtaining higher flows and temperatures, in order to potentialize future energy use in the Municipality. This study focused on three distinct sectors, where sulphurous waters emerge, namely: the Longroiva Thermal Spa sector, the Areola Thermal Spa sector and the Graben Water sector. The three sectors are located in the Municipality of Meda and extend to the Municipality of Trancoso; they are part of the District of Guarda, in the Beira Interior North Region of mainland Portugal. In order to achieve the objectives proposed in this work, a multidisciplinary and phased methodology was adopted. Throughout the various chapters, it was possible to bring together, through bibliographical research, various elements in the areas of geomorphology, geology, structural geology, geophysics, hydrology, hydrogeology, hydrogeochemistry and microbiology, in order to characterize and frame the sectors under study. Several field works were also carried out to better sustain and deepen knowledge in the various areas covered, which consisted of the following actions: i) sampling of rocks from the main geological formations for petrographic analysis; ii) geological-structural survey, with characterization of fracturing in each sector; iii) inventorying and monitoring of 267 groundwater points in the region, where expeditious measurement and recording of various physical-chemical parameters (Q, T, pH, Eh, CE, TDS and RE) were carried out; iv) groundwater sampling from superficial granitic aquifers, deep granitic aquifers (sulphurous) and rain, to carry out physicochemical and isotopic analyzes (2H, 18O and 3H); and v) geophysical prospecting, of the geoelectrical type, in the Areola Medical Spa sector, in order to locate future sulphurous water abstractions. For the treatment and analysis of data, GIS tools, statistical software and empirical formulas and abacuses were used. The results were presented in maps, graphs and tables. With the results obtained, it was possible to conceptualize the geohydraulic model of sulphurous waters, which emerge in the various sectors, through 3D block diagrams. The study developed in this thesis allowed, finally, to present conclusions with some unprecedented aspects and, since the budget for this thesis was limited and taking into account that from the beginning it was clear that this work would only be a contribution, future investigations are foreseen, which will certainly improve the design of the geohydraulic model of these waters.
Description
Keywords
Modelo geohidráulico conceptual Fraturação extensa e profunda Águas sulfúreas Sistemas aquíferos profundos Termalismo e geotermia Região da Meda