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Authors
Abstract(s)
presente dissertação consiste no estudo da evolução das cidades, da arquitetura e do papel
do arquiteto ao longo dos tempos, face às transformações provocadas pelas guerras.
O trabalho tem como ponto de partida a investigação das atuações e pensamentos gerados
pelos arquitetos desde a Primeira Guerra, e a forma como as estratégias e procedimentos
arquitetónicos e urbanísticos se foram modificando.
Num primeiro momento, este estudo incide nas relações entre a guerra e a arquitetura,
enunciando pontos como a destruição das cidades, seu património e memória, e a forma como
estas mesmas cidades se recuperaram após a destruição por conflito.
Para este efeito, foram analisados alguns casos de estudo em países como Polónia, Inglaterra
e Alemanha, mais especificamente as cidades de Varsóvia, Londres e Berlim, para um
entendimento da reconstrução do cenário de destruição após a Segunda Guerra Mundial.
Adicionalmente, foi estudada a reconstrução da cidade de Beirute, num cenário mais recente,
destruída após a Guerra do Líbano (1975-90).
Finalmente e num segundo momento, é apresentada uma proposta de um módulo habitacional
em contexto pós-guerra, para o concurso de ideias internacional Syria: Post-war Housing,
realizado em 2016. Esta proposta é acompanhada de uma contextualização sobre a questão
síria que enfrenta, ainda hoje, uma extensa e dolorosa guerra, e que se alega ser uma das
maiores crises humanitárias desde a Segunda Guerra Mundial. Desde o início desta guerra, em
2011, cerca de 5,4 milhões de pessoas fugiram da Síria, e hoje as cidades deste país estão em
grande parte destruídas e sem condições para os que querem retornar.
The present dissertation consists of the study about the evolution of cities, architecture and the role of the architect over time, when confronted with the transformations caused by wars. This work has as it is starting point the investigation of the actions and thoughts generated by the architects since the First War, and the way in which the architectural and urbanistic strategies and procedures have been modified since then. At first, the study focuses on the relations between war and architecture, stating points such as the destruction of cities, their heritage and memory, and the way in which theses same cities have recovered after the destruction by conflict. To this point, some case studies were analysed in countries such as Poland, England and Germany, specifically the cities of Warsaw, London and Berlin, for an understanding of the reconstruction of the scenario of destruction after World War II. In addition, the reconstruction of the city Beirut was studied, in a more recent scenario, destroyed after the Lebanese Civil War (1975-90). Finally, a proposal for a housing module in a post-war context is presented for the international Syria: Post-war Housing Competition in 2016. This proposal is followed by the Syrian background, which faces, still today, an extensive and painful war, and is claimed to be one of the greatest humanitarian crises since World War II. Since the beginning of this war, in 2011, about 5,4 million people have fled from Syria, and today, the cities of this country are largely destroyed and without conditions for those who want to return.
The present dissertation consists of the study about the evolution of cities, architecture and the role of the architect over time, when confronted with the transformations caused by wars. This work has as it is starting point the investigation of the actions and thoughts generated by the architects since the First War, and the way in which the architectural and urbanistic strategies and procedures have been modified since then. At first, the study focuses on the relations between war and architecture, stating points such as the destruction of cities, their heritage and memory, and the way in which theses same cities have recovered after the destruction by conflict. To this point, some case studies were analysed in countries such as Poland, England and Germany, specifically the cities of Warsaw, London and Berlin, for an understanding of the reconstruction of the scenario of destruction after World War II. In addition, the reconstruction of the city Beirut was studied, in a more recent scenario, destroyed after the Lebanese Civil War (1975-90). Finally, a proposal for a housing module in a post-war context is presented for the international Syria: Post-war Housing Competition in 2016. This proposal is followed by the Syrian background, which faces, still today, an extensive and painful war, and is claimed to be one of the greatest humanitarian crises since World War II. Since the beginning of this war, in 2011, about 5,4 million people have fled from Syria, and today, the cities of this country are largely destroyed and without conditions for those who want to return.
Description
Keywords
Concurso de Ideias Guerras Papel do Arquiteto Pós-Guerras Reconstrução Síria.