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Abstract(s)
O impacto da Globalização no Transporte Aéreo reflecte-se em mercados de forte interactividade e implica para ambos, aeroportos e companhias de navegação aérea, a
assumpção de novos conceitos de negócio alicerçados em vantagens competitivas que os
distingam da respectiva concorrência. O Transporte Aéreo interage num mercado Global
onde coexistem cada vez mais factores que podem influenciar o seu sucesso. Este trabalho procura: em primeiro lugar identificar e ponderar os factores que mais podem vir a influenciar a eficácia de um operador e a relação cliente/transportadora; e, em segundo lugar, obter um critério objectivo que, agregando aqueles factores, descreva o(s) modelo(s) de operação sutentável(eis) dentro de rotas aéreas de vários tipos.
Procura-se então estabelecer uma comparação quantitativa entre um operador virtual e
seus concorrentes (reais) dentro de uma rota aérea, avaliando o que é de facto uma rota
óptima (em termos de competitividade) para a operação do operador virtual.
Esta tese alicerça-se em análises feitas a algumas companhias aéreas, suas formas de
operar e visões de mercado, tendo como base a utilização da Análise Multicritério de
Apoio à Decisão, isto é, vários critérios de decisão – preço, tipo de rota, tipo de frota,
frequência do serviço, serviço a bordo, análise de mercado, factores socioeconómicos,
investimento em marketing, etc. (agregados posteriormente num único critério obtido por
soma ponderada) avaliados, por sua vez, sob ópticas distintas (ganho de quota de mercado,
aumento de produtividade, aumento de lucros, etc.).
The impact of Globalization on Air Transportation is reflected upon markets of strong interactivity and it implies for both, airports and air transportation companies, the assumption of new business concepts that are based on competitive advantages which will distinguish them from their competitors. Air Transportation interacts on a Global Market in which there are continuously more coexisting factors that can influence its success. This work seeks to: firstly to identify and ponder the factors that may influence the efficiency of an operator and the client/carrier relationship; and, secondly, to obtain an objective criteria that, summing up all of those factors, will describe the sustainable operating model(s) within different types of air routes. It is then sought to establish a quantitative relationship between a virtual operator and its (real) competitors within a given air route by evaluating what is in fact an optimal route (in terms of competitiveness) to the virtual operator. This thesis is supported by an analysis made to a group of airlines, their operating routines and their vision of the Market, based upon a MultiCriteria Decision Aid Analysis, that is, several decisional criteria – price, type of route, type of fleet, frequency of service, on board service, market analysis, socioeconomical factors, marketing investments, etc. (which are then aggregated in a single criteria obtained by a weighted sum) which are, in turn, taken into account under different scopes (gaining market quota, increasing productivity, increasing profits, etc.).
The impact of Globalization on Air Transportation is reflected upon markets of strong interactivity and it implies for both, airports and air transportation companies, the assumption of new business concepts that are based on competitive advantages which will distinguish them from their competitors. Air Transportation interacts on a Global Market in which there are continuously more coexisting factors that can influence its success. This work seeks to: firstly to identify and ponder the factors that may influence the efficiency of an operator and the client/carrier relationship; and, secondly, to obtain an objective criteria that, summing up all of those factors, will describe the sustainable operating model(s) within different types of air routes. It is then sought to establish a quantitative relationship between a virtual operator and its (real) competitors within a given air route by evaluating what is in fact an optimal route (in terms of competitiveness) to the virtual operator. This thesis is supported by an analysis made to a group of airlines, their operating routines and their vision of the Market, based upon a MultiCriteria Decision Aid Analysis, that is, several decisional criteria – price, type of route, type of fleet, frequency of service, on board service, market analysis, socioeconomical factors, marketing investments, etc. (which are then aggregated in a single criteria obtained by a weighted sum) which are, in turn, taken into account under different scopes (gaining market quota, increasing productivity, increasing profits, etc.).
Description
Keywords
Transporte aéreo - Globalização Rotas aéreas - Análise multicritério - Apoio à decisão Rotas aéreas - Critérios de selecção Companhias de aviação - Custos operacionais Companhias de aviação - Custos não operacionais Companhias de aviação - Mercado low cost