Browsing by Author "Costa, Renata Susana Carvalho da"
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- Development and validation of an asthma self-knowledge questionnairePublication . Costa, Renata Susana Carvalho da; Barata, Luís Manuel Taborda; Pereira, HenriqueIntroduction: It is accepted that a greater degree of general health literacy and also, specifically, about bronchial asthma leads to better results in relation to disease control. However, validated questionnaires for adequately studying knowledge about asthma are scant. Thus, the primary objective of the present study was to develop and validate an asthma self-knowledge questionnaire, based on international recommendations on the disease. The secondary objectives were to compare knowledge about asthma between asthmatic patients and non-asthmatic individuals; assessing whether or not asthma affects the level of self-knowledge of the disease and what factors may be associated with poorer self-knowledge of the disease. Methods: The Bronchial Asthma Self-Knowledge Questionnaire was developed and validation studies were performed: logical or apparent validity, content validity, construct validity; internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha test), test-retest or reproducibility, in a face-to-face interview with 73 asthmatic patients and 76 non-asthmatic individuals (with a pilot study in 10 patients and 10 healthy controls). Other questionnaires were also applied: Mini Mental State Examination (in individuals over 65 years of age), Depression Scales (CES-D for individuals under 65 and GDS for individuals over 65 years of age), Demographic Questionnaire, BSI, EHLS and the Characterization Questionnaire for bronchial asthma. Results were then analysed using the Software Package for Social Sciences, version 25.0. Results: Regarding development of the questionnaire, content validity, determined using I-CVI allowed reducing the questionnaire to 21 items. The test proved to have a reasonable value of internal consistency by the Cronbach's alpha coefficient; the data were considered as normally distributed; the test had a good temporal stability, by test-retest, although Spearman rho values were significantly stronger in the asthmatic group. Finally, confirmatory factorial analysis yielded acceptable values for PCFI and PGFI, as well as a satisfactory value for RMSEA (0,087). In terms of the application of the questionnaire, both groups under study (asthmatics and non-asthmatics) showed statistically significant differences in replies of self-knowledge questionnaire items. Finally, factors such as health literacy and the presence of emotional disturbances do not seem to significantly influence self-knowledge of bronchial asthma. Conclusions: The developed and validated questionnaire showed adequate psychometric robustness. In terms of construct validity, by known-group (bronchial asthma) validity, the test was able to discriminate between patients with asthma and volunteers without asthma, regarding self-knowledge of the disease.