Browsing by Author "Marta, Carlos Jorge Soares de Aquino Cavaleiro"
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- Determinants of physical fitness in prepubescent children and its training effectsPublication . Marta, Carlos Jorge Soares de Aquino Cavaleiro; Marques, Mário António Cardoso; Marinho, Daniel AlmeidaThe purpose of this investigation was to analyze the effect of somatotype, body fat and physical activity on overall physical fitness, explosive strength and aerobic capacity trainability in prepubescent children. Additionally, it was intended to identify the magnitude of the differences between boys and girls in physical fitness, and the effects of concurrent training on explosive strength and VO2max adaptations. For the accomplishment of these purposes the following sequence was used: (i) reviewing available literature; (ii) analyzing the interaction between somatotype, body fat, physical activity and physical fitness in prepubescent children; (iii) identifying physical fitness differences between boys and girls; (iv) analyzing the interaction between somatotype, body fat and training-induced explosive strength and VO2max gains; (v) and comparing the effects of 8-weeks training period of strength training alone, or combined strength and aerobic training on explosive strength and VO2max adaptations. Results suggest that: (i) somatotype is the most important variable determining overall physical fitness, and training-induced explosive strength and VO2max gains, in boys and girls; (ii) boys present higher values in muscular strength and endurance, velocity and aerobic capacity, and girls perform better on tests of balance and flexibility. Gender differences in the physical fitness are greater in the explosive strength and smaller in the muscular endurance and flexibility, followed by velocity and balance; (iii) performing strength and aerobic training in the same workout does not impair strength development, and allows similar neuromuscular adaptations in prepubescent boys and girls.