Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2021-02-08"
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- Depressive Symptomatology and Personal Growth InitiativePublication . Matos, Vera Lúcia Gomes; Carvalho, Paula Susana Loureiro Saraiva deThis research is part of project “VIOLENCE 360º - Clinical, familiar, social and community approaches to interpersonal violence in different populations”, aiming to analyze and compare levels of depressive symptomatology and personal growth initiative in young college students from Portugal and Spain. Transition from school to university constitutes, for most young people, the obtainment of independence, however it can also be seen as a critical phase of adaptation to new demands imposed by the university environment. Thus, adjustment to university experience constitutes a time period that is conductive both to negative events and harmful consequences on students’ mental health, as well as to positive events and opportunities for growth and development of skills that are transversal to all of the life cycle. The sample is composed of 485 participants, about half of which are portuguese students, from University of Beira Interior (50.5%) and 49.5% are spanish students, from University of Salamanca. The sample has 71.5% female participants and 28.5% male participants, adding that most participants are 18 and 19 years old. The scales used were Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and Personal Growth Initiative Scale (PGIS-II), along with a sociodemographic questionnaire. There are no statistically significant differences between nationalities concerning depressive symptoms and personal growth initiative. Age has an isolated effect on depressive symptoms. Age and gender present interaction effects on both variables. A negative correlation between depressive symptoms and personal growth initiative was found.
- Injector Wall Heat Transfer Quantification in Supercritical Nitrogen InjectionPublication . Magalhães, Leandro; Silva, A. R. R.; Barata, Jorge M MPressure and temperature increase in combustion chambers of Liquid Rocket Engines (LRE’s), while enhancing injection and combustion efficiencies, leads to both fuels and oxidizers to exceed their critical point conditions, entering the domain of supercritical fluid flows. Over the past 20 years, many physical models are developed for the simulation of supercritical nitrogen injection, which is validated with the experimental data from [1] and [2]. However, regardless of the sophistication employed in RANS, LES [3] or DNS-based [4] approaches, unrealistic top hat density profiles appear in the computations, which have in common the consideration of adiabatic injector walls. The present work has the objective of quantifying the influence of injector wall heat transfer for the considered experimental conditions, contributing for a more accurate representation of the physical phenomena in LRE's combustion chambers. For this purpose, a RANS-based approach is followed combining the accuracy of a multiparameter equation of state for nitrogen with an incompressible, but variable density approach description of the mixing conditions.Figure 1 depicts a comparison of the results obtained for the centerline density decay for case 4 from [1]. The injector diameter normalizes the axial distance from the injector. In this figure, the origin corresponds to the entrance of the combustion chamber. For the case of the adiabatic injector walls, it can be observed a potential core until x/D = 7.5, as opposed to what is depicted in the same figure for the experimental data. Experimentally no core is predicted, and the axial density starts to decrease as soon as the beginning of the combustion chamber. If, on the other hand, the isothermal injector is considered, it can be seen that no top hat profile appears, and the numerical results closely replicate the experimental behavior of the jet.It is shown that injector heat transfer phenomena actively changes the topology of the jet mixing, contributing to improved performance of numerical solvers.
- Avaliação dos níveis de Literacia em SaúdePublication . Teixeira, Tânia Rute de Sousa; Carvalho, Paula Susana Loureiro Saraiva de; Silva, Cláudia Maria Gomes Mendes da; Gama, Jorge Manuel dos ReisA doença crónica é considerada um dos maiores problemas e desafios de saúde pública. Dentro destas patologias encontra-se a Hipertensão Arterial, uma doença assintomática que atinge cerca de 42.2% dos portugueses. Devido ao ser caracter silencioso e assintomático, os hipertensos revelam dificuldades de adesão ao tratamento. Neste sentido, diferentes estudos têm vindo a realçar a importância de uma literacia em saúde adequada para aumentar o conhecimento e compreensão dos indivíduos sobre a doença e as complicações advindas da mesma. Assim, o principal objetivo do presente estudo passa pela avaliação e comparação dos níveis de literacia em saúde, de adultos com Hipertensão Arterial e de adultos sem diagnóstico da patologia. O estudo contou com 152 participantes, divididos em dois grupos: o primeiro com 76 participantes hipertensos, maioritariamente, do género feminino (59.2%), casados (84.7%), empregados (55.3%) e com uma habilitação literária até ao 4º ano (30.3%); e o segundo grupo com 76 participantes com ausência de diagnóstico da patologia, na sua maioria, do género feminino (53.9%), casados (67.1%), empregados (76.3%) e uma habilitação literária ao nível do 9º ano (28.9%). Dos resultados obtidos verifica-se que, os participantes sem diagnóstico revelam níveis mais elevados de literacia em saúde nas dimensões de prevenção de doença e promoção da saúde. Os participantes hipertensos revelam níveis mais elevados na dimensão de cuidados de saúde. Ainda, foi identificado que os participantes mais velhos e com menor grau de habilitações literárias revelam níveis mais baixos de literacia em saúde, em ambos os grupos.