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- Topological Optimization of Tubular Elements Subject to TorsionPublication . Alhag, Nour; Bernardo, Luis Filipe Almeida; Ribeiro, Tiago PintoThe present dissertation investigates the topological optimization of tubular elements under torsional loading. It focuses on the application of advanced commercial finite element software typically employed in the automotive and aerospace industries, to an application in civil engineering structures. The objectives of this research are to evaluate the feasibility of using commercial software for the structural design of civil engineering structures and to validate the use of nonlinear finite element analysis (NLFEA) following linear elastic optimization. To that end, a thin-walled commercial pipe is selected as the case study and the study includes mesh convergence and computational efficiency. The topology is optimized for volume fraction (60%). The optimized geometry is then subjected to nonlinear analysis to assess its performance under torsion. The analysis indicates that at a volume fraction of 60%, the optimized pipe leads to a 32.5% decrease in torque resistance.