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- Opening Pandora's Box: Everything We (Do Not) Know About the Global StrategyPublication . Veiga, Pedro; Figueiredo, Ronnie; Teixeira, Sérgio; Fernandes, CristinaGlobal strategy research is rapidly increasing in quantity but is found in divergent literature and disciplines. Now is the time to offer a comprehensive review that identifies, synthesizes, and integrates previous research and highlights knowledge gaps and the way forward. This methodical literature search helped to identify 338 articles in the Web of Science database published until 2018. Using a systematic and in-depth content analysis using bibliometric techniques, the authors reviewed the articles and identified the main theories used and the methodological guidelines in these articles. This review helps to identify significant knowledge gaps in terms of theoretical orientation and core content. The main contributions of this paper are to outline and summarize a multilevel analysis of emerging global strategy literature, integrate and extract potential theoretical contributions in this field, and indicate directions for future research.
- Regional Competitiveness and Innovation in the Tourism Sector: The Case of the Autonomous Region of MadeiraPublication . Teixeira, Sérgio de Jesus; Ferreira, João José de MatosTourism has been highlighted as one of the sectors with the greatest potential for expansion on a global scale, so it is important to try to understand the factors of innovation and regional competitiveness in this sector. Competitiveness, particularly in the tourism sector, has experienced in recent decades an unprecedented development of experiences and now plays a very important role in markets and industries. However, the success of the tourist destinations in the world and regional markets is in a way influenced by their relative competitiveness. In this sense, innovation is a very important catalyst for the survival and growth of tourism and it is recognized the positive impacts, revealing that the innovative behaviors and products improve financial and economic performance positively. In this PhD thesis, several topics are analyzed, although some still need future investigation, related to the importance of the regional competitiveness and innovation for the tourism sector. This investigation is made up of four empirical studies with geographic focus in the Autonomous Region of Madeira. The first study of this PhD thesis (chapter 2), entitled “Regional Competitiveness and Innovation in the Tourism Sector: A Systematic Review and Bibliometric Analysis", aims to carry out a mapping of scientific publications, intellectual knowledge, trends research and potential future lines of investigation in the areas of the regional competitiveness and tourism innovation. It is used a systematic literature review using a bibliometric approach, based on the VOSviewer Software, focusing on the creation of the intellectual structure visualization maps. The analysis type is based on the number of published articles and number of annual citations, for the period from 1900 to 2016, through the Web of Science database. The results show that the intellectual structure of the regions' competitiveness is divided into three main categories: regional competitiveness, tourism innovation and tourism cluster. The main contribution of this study is the identification of the main research trends in this area and its gaps and specific needs of future scientific research within this field of research. The second empirical study (chapter 3), entitled "Impact of Satisfaction of Tourist Events as a Regional Tourist Competitiveness Product", aims to analyze the impact and contribution of satisfaction with tourist events as a product of regional tourist competitiveness, as well as evaluate factors of competitiveness. For that, a questionnaire was carried out on the four major tourist events in the Autonomous Region of Madeira (Carnival, Flower Festival, Atlantic Festival, and Wine Festival). The sample is composed of 2262 tourists surveyed during the year 2017 and structural equation models were used as statistical method. The results show that satisfaction is reflected in the client's loyalty to the choice of a tourist destination and it also contributes, directly and indirectly to the regional tourist competitiveness. This study contributes to the valorization of local and regional events, perceived by the level of satisfaction and loyalty of tourists, as products of regional competitiveness of a tourist destination. The third empirical study (chapter 4) entitled "Entrepreneurial Craft Products as Regional Tourist Competitiveness", aims to explore and analyze the role of handcrafted products in entrepreneurship and regional tourist competitiveness. This study is based on secondary data from different sources (Regional Statistics Office of Madeira, Institute of Wine, Embroidery and Handicraft of Madeira) and it covers the last 15 years (2001 - 2015). It was made a quantitative analysis of the data through an econometric approach using Pearson's regression and correlation models. The study contributes with empirical evidence which helps us to identify the role of handcrafted products for the entrepreneurial capacity and tourist competitiveness of a region. In addition, it also contributes to the knowledge of the scientific community with particular interest in artisan entrepreneurship, cultural and regional competitiveness in the tourism sector. Finally, the fourth and final empirical study of this PhD thesis (chapter 5) entitled "Innovation as a driver of the competitiveness of business tourism", aims to analyze factors and barriers to innovation and their impact (direct and indirect) on the competitiveness of the destination and business competitiveness. Based on primary data collected by a questionnaire from a sample of 119 companies operating in the tourism sector in the Autonomous Region of Madeira (Portugal), a quantitative methodology was applied using econometric and multiple linear regression models. The study empirically identifies and tests existing relationships underlying innovation (factors and barriers) as a level for the competitiveness of destination and business. The results show important theoretical and practical implications in the contribution of innovation to destination and business competitiveness, thus contributing to filling the gaps identified in the literature.