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Authors
Abstract(s)
O conceito Função Executiva engloba um conjunto de funções essenciais para a
regulação e adaptação do comportamento humano. O córtex pré-frontal é considerado a
base de processos cognitivos complexos, envolvendo capacidades como o raciocínio, a
planificação ou a flexibilidade mental, desempenhando também um papel importante no
controlo emocional e na personalidade.
O Halstead Category Test (HCT) é um instrumento de avaliação neuropsicológico
validado e amplamente usado nos Estados Unidos da América que avalia algumas
funções cognitivas executivas, tais como a atenção, concentração, memória visual,
mudanças concetuais e formação de conceitos abstratos. É reconhecido na deteção de
dano cerebral e de funções pré-frontais. Por sua vez, nos últimos anos têm sido propostas
e desenvolvidas novas sub-escalas de cotação, tendo como propósito complementar a
medida padrão e fornecer informação adicional acerca dos construtos que o próprio teste
avalia. Entre o conjunto das sub-escalas optou-se por selecionar três para este estudo,
nomeadamente o número de erros total (medida padrão da prova), e recentemente
desenvolvidas a Escala de Aquisição de Categoria (CAT-2A) e a Escala de Perseveração
Verdadeira (PSV_T) em virtude da extensão das sub-escalas e por já existirem evidências
científicas relativamente às mesmas.
O presente trabalho tem como objetivo a obtenção de normas preliminares para
a população portuguesa em função da idade, da escolaridade e do género, considerando
três níveis de medida, nomeadamente o número de erros total (medida padrão da prova),
a sub-escala CAT-2A e a sub-escala PSV_T. O estudo contou com uma amostra
normativa de 326 participantes, 64,1% do sexo feminino e 35,9% do sexo masculino, com
idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 60 anos. Os resultados indicam algumas
correlações significativas entre o número total de erros e as sub-escalas do HCT (CAT2A e PSV_T) e variáveis como a idade e o género. Por sua vez, não encontrámos evidência
de uma associação entre a escolaridade e o número total de erros, o CAT-2A e o PSV_T.
Consideramos ser necessário a realização de mais estudos quanto aos efeitos na aplicação
do HCT.
The concept of executive functions, include a widely set of cognitive operations, which are very important for regulation of human behavior. These cognitive abilities are sustained by the complex activities of frontal lobe systems, enrolled several functions, namely, formation of concept, abstract reasoning, planning, monitoring and cognitive flexibility, all of them, important to the emotional and cognitive control, as well as, in the regulation of human behavior. The Halstead Category Test (HCT) is one component of the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery, which is widely used in clinical neuropsychology. The HCT measures several functions, such as, abstract concept formation, attentional control, visual concentration, visual memory, and conceptual shifts. It is very useful and sensible in the detection of brain injury, mainly, prefrontal lobe dysfunctions. In last years, have been developed new subscales of HCT, with the aim to yield a variety of methods to measure different cognitive functions of HCT, complementing the main measure, that means, total number of errors. However, in this study (based on scientific evidence), were selected three new scales, namely total number of errors, category scale (CAT2-A) and True Perseveration (PSV-T). The aim of this study was to develop preliminary norms to Portuguese population considering the age, educational level and gender, using the measures cited above. The sample was composed of 326 subjects of between 18 and 60 years, in which 64.1 % were women and 35.9 % men. The results suggested some significant correlations between total number of errors and CAT2-A and PSV-T, as well as, in the age and gender variables. By other side, we weren´t found significant correlations between educational level and the other scales that we used in this study. In conclusion, we consider the importance of continuing the study of new scales of HCT with pruposed the fully explored the construct validity, as well as, to improve the Portuguese norms exploring the influence of educational level in the performance of HCT.
The concept of executive functions, include a widely set of cognitive operations, which are very important for regulation of human behavior. These cognitive abilities are sustained by the complex activities of frontal lobe systems, enrolled several functions, namely, formation of concept, abstract reasoning, planning, monitoring and cognitive flexibility, all of them, important to the emotional and cognitive control, as well as, in the regulation of human behavior. The Halstead Category Test (HCT) is one component of the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery, which is widely used in clinical neuropsychology. The HCT measures several functions, such as, abstract concept formation, attentional control, visual concentration, visual memory, and conceptual shifts. It is very useful and sensible in the detection of brain injury, mainly, prefrontal lobe dysfunctions. In last years, have been developed new subscales of HCT, with the aim to yield a variety of methods to measure different cognitive functions of HCT, complementing the main measure, that means, total number of errors. However, in this study (based on scientific evidence), were selected three new scales, namely total number of errors, category scale (CAT2-A) and True Perseveration (PSV-T). The aim of this study was to develop preliminary norms to Portuguese population considering the age, educational level and gender, using the measures cited above. The sample was composed of 326 subjects of between 18 and 60 years, in which 64.1 % were women and 35.9 % men. The results suggested some significant correlations between total number of errors and CAT2-A and PSV-T, as well as, in the age and gender variables. By other side, we weren´t found significant correlations between educational level and the other scales that we used in this study. In conclusion, we consider the importance of continuing the study of new scales of HCT with pruposed the fully explored the construct validity, as well as, to improve the Portuguese norms exploring the influence of educational level in the performance of HCT.
Description
Keywords
Funções Cognitivas Executivas Halstead Category Test Sub-Escalas Hct