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Abstract(s)
A Insuficiência de convergência (IC) caracteriza-se pela incapacidade do paciente manter um
alinhamento binocular quando os estímulos visuais se apresentam próximos. Tende a produzir
uma série de sintomas e repercutir-se num fraco rendimento visual em tarefas que exigem a
visão de perto. O sintoma mais frequente é o desconforto ocular após leitura ou realização de
trabalhos ao computador, intensificando-se ao fim do dia.
O questionário Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey (CISS), composto por 15 itens,
avalia a presença e a frequência de sintomas característicos da IC, através de numa escala de
Likert que é pontuada de zero a quatro, onde o zero corresponde a “nunca”, e o quatro
representa “sempre”. As respostas aos 15 itens são somadas para se obter o resultado total.
O presente estudo tem como principal objetivo validar as propriedades psicométricas do
referido questionário, em crianças a frequentar o 2º ciclo do ensino básico dos 10 aos 14 anos
de idade, e avaliar a sua sensibilidade na identificação de casos de IC.
Participaram neste estudo 241 crianças, com idade média 10,860 anos (DP=0,916), dos quais
122 do género feminino e 119 do género masculino. Perante as crianças apresentadas, a
amostra é constituída por 203 com VBN, 25 com suspeita de IC, sendo que 10 destas crianças
apresentam também insuficiência acomodativa (IA) e 13 crianças com apenas IA.
Os resultados revelaram que as crianças com IC ou com IA apresentam maiores pontuações em
relação às crianças com VBN, e que o nível médio do somatório do questionário CISS-vp
aumenta em consequência tanto das disfunções binoculares e acomodativa como das
subcategorias da classificação da IC. Concluindo, quanto maior o número de sinais de IC
apresentados pela criança, maior será a pontuação total do questionário CISS-vp. Verificou-se
ainda que o questionário apresenta uma sensibilidade baixa na identificação da condição de
IC, comparativamente com a sensibilidade na identificação da IA que se apresentou superior.
O que revelou que o questionário CISS-vp é mais sensível na identificação da IA do que de IC.
Os resultados mostram que a versão portuguesa do questionário é aplicável em crianças dos
10 aos 14 anos, no entanto, não deve ser usado como simples ferramenta de diagnóstico.
The convergence insufficiency (CI) is characterized by the inability of the patient to maintain binocular alignment when visual stimuli are presented. Tends to produce several symptoms that may be reflected in their work or academic performance that requires near vision. The most frequent symptom is ocular discomfort after reading or working on the computer, getting worse in the end of the day. The Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey (CISS), consisting of 15 items, assesses the presence and frequency of symptoms typical of convergence insufficiency, using a Likert scale with scores between zero and four, where zero is “never”, and four is “always”. The answers to the 15 items are added to obtain the total score. This study’s main goal is to validate the psychometric properties of the questionnaire out of a sample of middle school children with ages between 10 and 14 years old, and to evaluate their sensitivity in identifying cases of CI. There were 241 children in this study, with an average aged of 10,860 years (SD=0,916), 122 females and 119 males. This sample is composed by 203 with normal binocular vision (NBV), 25 with suspected CI, beeing that10 of these students also have accommodative insufficiency (AI) and 13 only with AI. The results showed that children with CI or AI presented higher scores than children with NBV, and the average from the sum of the CISS-vp questionnaire increases as a consequence of binocular and accommodative dysfunctions and as well as the subcategories of the CI classifications. In conclusion the greater the number of IC signals presented by the child, the total score of the CISS-vp questionnaire will be higher. It was also found that the questionnaire presents low sensibility in identifying the CI condition, compared to the sensibility in identifying the AI condition, that has presented higher. That fact showed that CISS-vp questionnaire is more sensitive in identification of the AI than CI. The results showed that questionnaire in portuguese version is applicable in children between 10 and 14 years, however, should not be used as a simple diagnostic tool.
The convergence insufficiency (CI) is characterized by the inability of the patient to maintain binocular alignment when visual stimuli are presented. Tends to produce several symptoms that may be reflected in their work or academic performance that requires near vision. The most frequent symptom is ocular discomfort after reading or working on the computer, getting worse in the end of the day. The Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey (CISS), consisting of 15 items, assesses the presence and frequency of symptoms typical of convergence insufficiency, using a Likert scale with scores between zero and four, where zero is “never”, and four is “always”. The answers to the 15 items are added to obtain the total score. This study’s main goal is to validate the psychometric properties of the questionnaire out of a sample of middle school children with ages between 10 and 14 years old, and to evaluate their sensitivity in identifying cases of CI. There were 241 children in this study, with an average aged of 10,860 years (SD=0,916), 122 females and 119 males. This sample is composed by 203 with normal binocular vision (NBV), 25 with suspected CI, beeing that10 of these students also have accommodative insufficiency (AI) and 13 only with AI. The results showed that children with CI or AI presented higher scores than children with NBV, and the average from the sum of the CISS-vp questionnaire increases as a consequence of binocular and accommodative dysfunctions and as well as the subcategories of the CI classifications. In conclusion the greater the number of IC signals presented by the child, the total score of the CISS-vp questionnaire will be higher. It was also found that the questionnaire presents low sensibility in identifying the CI condition, compared to the sensibility in identifying the AI condition, that has presented higher. That fact showed that CISS-vp questionnaire is more sensitive in identification of the AI than CI. The results showed that questionnaire in portuguese version is applicable in children between 10 and 14 years, however, should not be used as a simple diagnostic tool.
Description
Keywords
Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey (Ciss) Crianças Insuficiência de Convergência Sintomas