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Abstract(s)
Objetivo: Comparar os efeitos de dois programas multimodais de exercício físico sobre o funcionamento cognitivo e motor em idosos institucionalizados.
Método: A amostra foi constituída por idosos institucionalizados provenientes de 2 lares da Covilhã e Fundão. Do grupo de idosos (n=23) seleccionados para integrarem a amostra inicial foram elegíveis 15 participantes, tendo terminado 13 participantes. Foram formados dois grupos: o Grupo dual Task (GDT) (n=6, 82,0±5,7 anos) e o Grupo de Exercício e Treino Cognitivo (GETC) (n=7, 80,6±8,1 anos). Cada grupo foi sujeito a uma intervenção específica 120 minutos por semana, com a duração de 4 meses. O GDT foi sujeito a um programa assente num conjunto de exercícios que promoviam simultaneamente a componente da mobilidade e força muscular com a memória, a função visuoespacial e a função executiva, sendo estruturados de acordo com a literatura. Ao GETC foi aplicado um programa de exercícios físicos-motores complementados por sessões de treino cognitivo utilizando o COGWEB®. Os grupos foram avaliados antes e após a intervenção nas seguintes variáveis: equilíbrio (Escala Berg), força dos membros inferiores (teste levantar e sentar) e mobilidade (TUG) (em situação simples tarefa e dupla tarefa), memória de trabalho (memória de dígitos) e capacidade executiva (TOL). O teste de Wilcoxon foi usado para inferência estatística intra-grupo e o teste U de Mann-Whitney para avaliar as diferenças inter-grupos, com o intervalo de confiança 95%.
Resultados: Os resultados ainda que sem significância estatística (p>0,05) apontam para a melhoria das variáveis em estudo.
Conclusões: Não sendo conclusivo qual programa acarreta maiores benefícios, conclui-se que ambos os programas permitem a manutenção das capacidades físicas como a força dos membros inferiores, equilíbrio estático e dinâmico, mobilidade e agilidade, bem como as capacidades cognitivas.
Objective: To compare the effects of two multimodal programs of physical exercise on cognitive and motor functioning in the elderly living in residential care facilities. Method: The sample consists of senior citizens from 2 residential care facilities in Covilhã and Fundão. From the group of senior citizens (n=23) selected to integrate in the initial sample, 15 participants were found eligible while 13 participants completed the study. Two groups were formed: the Dual Task Group (DTG) (n=6, 82,0±5,7 years) and the Exercise and Cognitive Training Group (ECTG) (n=7, 80,6±8,1 years). During 4 months, each group was subjected to a specific intervention of 120 minutes per week. The DTG was subjected to a set of exercises simultaneously promoting mobility and muscular strength in relation to memory, which includes the visuospatial function as well as the executive function, structured in accordance to the literature. The ECTG was subjected to a program containing physical-motor exercises complemented with cognitive training sessions using the COGWEB®. The groups were evaluated before and after the intervention using the following variables: balance (Escala Berrg), lower-limb strength (sit-to-stand test) and mobility (TUG) (in both a simple task and dual task situation), working memory (memory of digits) and executive capacity (TOL). The Wilcoxon test was used for intra-group statistical inference and the U test from Mann-Whitney was used to assess inter-group differences with a confidence interval of 95%. Results: The results, although they do not show statistical significance (p>0,05), points to the improvement of the variables being studied. Conclusions: As it is not conclusive which program achieves greater benefits, it is concluded that both programs allow for the maintenance of physical capacities such as the strength of the lower limbs, static and dynamic balance, mobility and agility, as well as cognitive capacities.
Objective: To compare the effects of two multimodal programs of physical exercise on cognitive and motor functioning in the elderly living in residential care facilities. Method: The sample consists of senior citizens from 2 residential care facilities in Covilhã and Fundão. From the group of senior citizens (n=23) selected to integrate in the initial sample, 15 participants were found eligible while 13 participants completed the study. Two groups were formed: the Dual Task Group (DTG) (n=6, 82,0±5,7 years) and the Exercise and Cognitive Training Group (ECTG) (n=7, 80,6±8,1 years). During 4 months, each group was subjected to a specific intervention of 120 minutes per week. The DTG was subjected to a set of exercises simultaneously promoting mobility and muscular strength in relation to memory, which includes the visuospatial function as well as the executive function, structured in accordance to the literature. The ECTG was subjected to a program containing physical-motor exercises complemented with cognitive training sessions using the COGWEB®. The groups were evaluated before and after the intervention using the following variables: balance (Escala Berrg), lower-limb strength (sit-to-stand test) and mobility (TUG) (in both a simple task and dual task situation), working memory (memory of digits) and executive capacity (TOL). The Wilcoxon test was used for intra-group statistical inference and the U test from Mann-Whitney was used to assess inter-group differences with a confidence interval of 95%. Results: The results, although they do not show statistical significance (p>0,05), points to the improvement of the variables being studied. Conclusions: As it is not conclusive which program achieves greater benefits, it is concluded that both programs allow for the maintenance of physical capacities such as the strength of the lower limbs, static and dynamic balance, mobility and agility, as well as cognitive capacities.
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Keywords
Dual Task Exercício Físico Idosos Treino Cognitivo