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Abstract(s)
As consequências das alterações climáticas e os progressivos congestionamentos nos
centros urbanos, resultantes do aumento da dependência do uso do automóvel,
contribuem para a diminuição da qualidade de vida da população urbana. Para reverter
esse quadro é necessária a atuação ativa do estado, devidamente enquadrada nas
políticas de mobilidade internacionais. De entre as estratégias de promoção da
mobilidade sustentável, o incentivo à utilização dos modos suaves de transporte nas
deslocações diárias (pendulares), é uma das mais promissoras. Para adoção de medidas
eficazes, é preciso identificar os principais fatores que propiciam a utilização destes
modos de transporte e adequar os espaços urbanos de modo a minimizar as dificuldades
existentes. Para o caso particular das cidades de encosta, este desafio é ainda mais
complexo, pois a inclinação acentuada é um dos principais fatores que dificultam a
incorporação da mobilidade suave pela população. A proposta deste estudo é oferecer
ferramentas de apoio à decisão, possibilitando a identificação dos locais com potencial
para a utilização dos modos suaves de transporte considerando as inclinações das vias.
Para esta análise são consideradas como variáveis a localização dos polos geradores de
viagens, a densidade populacional e as características da rede viária, como a inclinação
longitudinal da via, a classificação viária e a existência de passeios. O tratamento,
representação e análise destas variáveis é efetuado com recurso a um conjunto de
ferramentas de geoprocessamento disponíveis nos Sistemas de Informação Geográfica
(SIG), permitindo a sua combinação atráves de uma análise multicritério espacial. Esta
análise tem como objetivo obter um resultado que traduza o potencial da infraestrutura
viária para a mobilidade pedonal e ciclável (para bicicletas tradicionais e bicicletas
elétricas). A agregação dos resultados obtidos para os dois modos é posteriormente
usado para definir uma medida de potencial de mobilidade suave das vias. Para a
validação do estudo, a metodologia foi aplicada na cidade da Covilhã, que apresenta
topografia com inclinações acentuadas. Com os resultados foi possível identificar os
potenciais pedonal, ciclável e de mobilidade suave de cada via da área estudada. A análise
destes resultados permitiram concluir que com a utilização da bicicleta elétrica há uma
diminuição considerável das vias consideradas “sem potencial”, constatando que esta
pode ser uma solução viável para a mobilidade suave nas cidades de encosta.
The consequences of climate change and the progressive congestion in urban centers, resulting from the increased dependence on car use, contribute to a decrease in the quality of life of the urban population. To reverse this situation, an active role of the state, properly framed in international mobility policies, is essential. Among the strategies to promote sustainable mobility, encouraging the use of soft modes of transport for daily commuting, is one of the most promising. To adopt effective measures, it is necessary to identify the main factors that favor the use of these modes of transport and adapt urban spaces in order to minimize the existing difficulties. For the particular case of hilly cities, this challenge is even more complex, as steep slopes are one of the main factors that hinder the incorporation of soft mobility by the population. The purpose of this study is to offer decision support tools for the identification of roads with potential for the use of soft modes of transport considering the network slopes. For this analysis, the location of the trip generation poles, the population density and road network characteristics, such as the road slope, the road classification and the existence of sidewalks, are considered as variables. The treatment, representation and analysis of these variables is carried out using a set of geoprocessing tools available in Geographic Information Systems (GIS), allowing their combination through a multi-criteria spatial analysis. This analysis aims to obtain a result that reflects the potential of road infrastructure for pedestrian and cycling mobility (for traditional bicycles and electric bicycles). The aggregation of the results obtained for the two modes is then used to define a measure of roads suitability for soft mobility. To validate the study, the methodology was applied to the urban perimeter of the hilly city of Covilhã. The results obtained allowed to identify the pedestrian, cycling and soft mobility potential for each road in the studied area. The analysis of these results permitted to conclude that a considerable reduction of the roads considered “without potential” is verified with the use of electric bikes, providing a viable solution for the implementation of soft mobility in hilly cities.
The consequences of climate change and the progressive congestion in urban centers, resulting from the increased dependence on car use, contribute to a decrease in the quality of life of the urban population. To reverse this situation, an active role of the state, properly framed in international mobility policies, is essential. Among the strategies to promote sustainable mobility, encouraging the use of soft modes of transport for daily commuting, is one of the most promising. To adopt effective measures, it is necessary to identify the main factors that favor the use of these modes of transport and adapt urban spaces in order to minimize the existing difficulties. For the particular case of hilly cities, this challenge is even more complex, as steep slopes are one of the main factors that hinder the incorporation of soft mobility by the population. The purpose of this study is to offer decision support tools for the identification of roads with potential for the use of soft modes of transport considering the network slopes. For this analysis, the location of the trip generation poles, the population density and road network characteristics, such as the road slope, the road classification and the existence of sidewalks, are considered as variables. The treatment, representation and analysis of these variables is carried out using a set of geoprocessing tools available in Geographic Information Systems (GIS), allowing their combination through a multi-criteria spatial analysis. This analysis aims to obtain a result that reflects the potential of road infrastructure for pedestrian and cycling mobility (for traditional bicycles and electric bicycles). The aggregation of the results obtained for the two modes is then used to define a measure of roads suitability for soft mobility. To validate the study, the methodology was applied to the urban perimeter of the hilly city of Covilhã. The results obtained allowed to identify the pedestrian, cycling and soft mobility potential for each road in the studied area. The analysis of these results permitted to conclude that a considerable reduction of the roads considered “without potential” is verified with the use of electric bikes, providing a viable solution for the implementation of soft mobility in hilly cities.
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Keywords
Análise de Redes Análise Multicritério Espacial Cidades de Encosta Mobilidade Suave Modos Ciclável e Pedonal Sig