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Abstract(s)
Introdução. A prevalência da alergia alimentar tem vindo a aumentar nas últimas décadas. Na população pediátrica, o seu conhecimento é ainda escasso, principalmente em Portugal.
Material e Metodologia. Estudo analítico transversal de uma população pediátrica, dos 3-11 anos, inscrita nas escolas da Cova da Beira. Inicialmente, foi aplicado um questionário preliminar para avaliar a presença de reacção adversa a alimentos. Posteriormente, as crianças com questionário positivo para os frutos frescos foram avaliadas em consulta, para aplicação de um questionário alargado e, realização de testes de hipersensibilidade in vivo e in vitro para os frutos suspeitos e alergénios com reactividade cruzada para frutos (látex e pólenes).
Resultados. Por questionário, a prevalência das reacções adversas a frutos foi 3-5 vezes superior à da Alergia Alimentar a Frutos (AAF) propriamente dita. A frequência da AAF foi de 0,53% (IC 95% [0,24;0,82]). Os frutos mais implicados foram o kiwi e o pêssego. A clínica predominante foi a de reacção imediata, unissintomática e mucocutânea localizada, nomeadamente a Síndrome de alergia oral. Os frutos apresentaram elevada sensibilização cruzada com o látex e os pólenes.
Conclusão. A frequência da AAF foi semelhante à de outros países europeus. Na Cova da Beira, os frutos frescos foram o principal grupo alimentar envolvido na alergia alimentar para a faixa etária pediátrica. Este estudo contribuiu para o conhecimento epidemiológico desta região de Portugal, no sentido de melhorar as abordagens diagnóstica e terapêutica futuras.
Background. The prevalence of food allergy has been increasing, mainly in the past few decades. In paediatric population, knowledge about this issue is currently scarce, namely in Portugal. Materials and Methods. Cross-sectional study of a paediatric population, with an age range between 3 and 11 years, from Cova da Beira schools. A preliminary questionnaire was initially applied to assess the presence of any adverse food reactions. Children with a positive questionnaire for fresh fruits were observed in an outpatient clinic at the hospital, where an extended questionnaire was applied and, in vitro and in vivo hypersensitivity tests were performed with the suspected fruit. Cross-reactivity between fruits and latex and, fruits and pollen allergens was also determined. Results. Based upon the questionnaire, the prevalence of adverse reactions to fresh fruits was 3 to 5 times more frequent than that of actual Allergy to Fresh Fruits (AFF). The frequency of AFF was 0.53% (CI 95% [0.24;0.82]). Peach and Kiwi fruit were the most frequently implicated fresh fruits. The most frequently reported clinical feature of AFF was that of an immediate type, monosymptomatic reaction consisting of localized mucocutaneous expression, mainly the oral allergy syndrome. Fresh fruits showed a high degree of crossreactivity with latex and pollen allergens. Conclusion. The prevalence of AFF was similar to that observed in other European countries. In Cova da Beira, fresh fruits were the most frequently involved foodstuff in a paediatric population. This study contributed towards increasing epidemiological knowledge about this problem in this area of Portugal, with a view to improve upon diagnostic and management approaches to this type of allergy.
Background. The prevalence of food allergy has been increasing, mainly in the past few decades. In paediatric population, knowledge about this issue is currently scarce, namely in Portugal. Materials and Methods. Cross-sectional study of a paediatric population, with an age range between 3 and 11 years, from Cova da Beira schools. A preliminary questionnaire was initially applied to assess the presence of any adverse food reactions. Children with a positive questionnaire for fresh fruits were observed in an outpatient clinic at the hospital, where an extended questionnaire was applied and, in vitro and in vivo hypersensitivity tests were performed with the suspected fruit. Cross-reactivity between fruits and latex and, fruits and pollen allergens was also determined. Results. Based upon the questionnaire, the prevalence of adverse reactions to fresh fruits was 3 to 5 times more frequent than that of actual Allergy to Fresh Fruits (AFF). The frequency of AFF was 0.53% (CI 95% [0.24;0.82]). Peach and Kiwi fruit were the most frequently implicated fresh fruits. The most frequently reported clinical feature of AFF was that of an immediate type, monosymptomatic reaction consisting of localized mucocutaneous expression, mainly the oral allergy syndrome. Fresh fruits showed a high degree of crossreactivity with latex and pollen allergens. Conclusion. The prevalence of AFF was similar to that observed in other European countries. In Cova da Beira, fresh fruits were the most frequently involved foodstuff in a paediatric population. This study contributed towards increasing epidemiological knowledge about this problem in this area of Portugal, with a view to improve upon diagnostic and management approaches to this type of allergy.
Description
Keywords
Alergia alimentar Alergia alimentar - Frutos - Crianças
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Publisher
Universidade da Beira Interior