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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Propósito: Existe uma falta de consciência pública sobre as doenças oculares relacionadas
com o envelhecimento, principalmente na faixa etária mais idosa, sendo esta a mais
afetada. Estudos demostraram que a população tem consciência de algumas doenças
oculares como catarata e glaucoma (98% e 93%, respetivamente), mas a consciência da
Degenerescência Macular Relacionada com a Idade é muito inferior (20%).
Na população idosa existe pouco conhecimento e atitudes práticas sobre as doenças
oculares relacionadas com o envelhecimento. As doenças oculares com maior impacto
nestas populações são a Catarata, o Glaucoma, a (DMRI) e a Retinopatia Diabética (RD), o
Erro Refrativo Não Corrigido (ERNC) e a Presbiopia.
Devido às atuais tendências demográficas, a população dos países desenvolvidos está a
envelhecer rapidamente. O aumento da idade é acompanhado de uma maior prevalência
destas doenças oculares.
A deteção precoce e o tratamento atempado podem ter sucesso na progressão das doenças
oculares, tendo o potencial de melhorar significativamente a qualidade da visão dos
pacientes. É fundamental a consciência da mesma para reduzir o desenvolvimento da
doença e evitar a perda de visão irreversível.
Para que exista uma maior consciência por parte dos utentes é importante melhorar a
literacia da saúde ocular. Os profissionais de saúde têm uma função fulcral promovendo
uma consulta direcionada no trabalho da componente da saúde visual. População mais
informada da sua condição procura mais atempadamente tratamento para a sua doença.
Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho é estudar a consciência das doenças oculares
relacionadas com o envelhecimento na comunidade residente no Lar de São José, na
Covilhã e o no lar da Misericórdia local de Belmonte, em Belmonte.
Métodos: Foram enviadas cartas de esclarecimento e pedido de colaboração para o estudo
aos dirigentes dos lares. No entanto e considerando as contingências criadas pela
pandemia associada ao vírus SARS COVID 19 e todas as medidas de saúde pública e
políticas adotadas nas instituições só foi possível a recolha de dados no Lar de São José e
no Lar da Misericórdia local de Belmonte através da entrega documental dos
questionários ao responsável da área da saúde dos referidos lares para ajuda do
preenchimento dos mesmos junto dos utentes que voluntariamente decidiram participar no estudo. No questionário escrito foram abordadas questões sobre: doenças gerais e
doenças oculares, o conhecimento sobre as doenças oculares relacionadas com o
envelhecimento, fatores de risco para essas doenças, idade, sexo, educação e demografia.
Resultados: Foi aplicado um questionário, depois de previamente testado numa população
residentes em lares de 3ªIdade. Considerando a situação pandémica mundial, pelo
COVID-19, a recolha dos dados só foi possível no Lar de São José, na cidade da Covilhã e
no Lar da Misericórdia local de Belmonte, na vila de Belmonte.
Participaram no estudo 76 utentes do Lar de São José, na Covilhã, 22 do sexo masculino
(28,9%) e 54 do sexo feminino (71,1%). No Lar da Misericórdia de Belmonte participaram
20 utentes, 5 do sexo masculino (25,0%) e 15 do sexo feminino (75,0%).
Os resultados desta investigação demonstram a baixa consciência que os participantes
possuem sobre as doenças oculares relacionadas com o envelhecimento. No Lar de São
José/ Lar da Misericórdia local de Belmonte, o conhecimento sobre as doenças oculares,
como a catarata é de 98,7%/95,0%. A Miopia apresenta um conhecimento de 63,2%/
70,0%, o Astigmatismo de 30,3%/ 20,0%, a Retinopatia Diabética de 25,0%/ 30,0%, o
Glaucoma de 21,2%/ 20,0%, a Hipermetropia de 17,1%/ 5,0%, a Presbiopia de 9,2%/
10,0%, o Erro Refrativo Não Corrigido de 5,3%/10,0% e sobre outra(s) não especificada(s)
de 5,3%/ 0,0%.
Purpose: There is a lack of public awareness about eye diseases related to aging, especially in old groups, which are the most affected. Studies have shown that the general population is aware of some eye diseases such as cataracts and glaucoma (98% and 93%, respectively), but the awareness of Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) was much lower (20%). In the elderly population, there is little knowledge and practical attitudes about eye diseases related to aging. The eye diseases with the greatest impact in these populations are Cataract, Glaucoma, AMD, Diabetic Retinopathy (RD), Uncorrected Refractive Error (ERNC) and Presbyopia. Due to the current demographic trends, the population of developed countries is aging rapidly. Increased age is accompanied by a higher prevalence of these eye diseases. Early detection and timely treatment can be successful in the progression of eye diseases, with the potential to significantly improve the quality of the patient’s vision. Awareness of the disease is essential to reduce its development and to prevent irreversible vision loss. For users to be more aware, it is important to improve eye health literacy. Health professionals have a pivotal role in promoting targeted consultation in the work of the visual health component. People more informed about their condition seek treatment for their disease in a timely manner. Objective: The objective of this work is to determine the awareness of eye diseases related to aging in the community living at the Lar de São José, in Covilhã and at the Lar da Misericórdia in Belmonte. Methods: Letters of clarification and request´s for collaboration for the study were sent to the heads of the homes. However, considering the contingencies created by the pandemic associated with the SARS COVID 19 virus and all public health measures and policies adopted in the institutions, it was only possible to collect data at the Lar de São José and at the Lar da Misericórdia in Belmonte through delivery of the questionnaires to the person in charge of the health area at the referred homes to help fill them in with the users who voluntarily decided to participate in the study. The written questionnaire addressed questions about general diseases and eye diseases, as well as knowledge about aging-related eye diseases, risk factors for these diseases, age, sex, education and demography. Results: A questionnaire was applied after being previously tested in a population of residents in homes of 3rd age. Considering the global pandemic situation, by COVID-19, data collection was only possible at Lar de São José, in the city of Covilhã and at the local Lar da Misericórdia in Belmonte, in the village of Belmonte. At the Lar de São José in Covilhã, 76 users participated in the study, 22 males (28,9%) and 54 females (71,1%). At the Lar da Misericórdia in Belmonte, 20 users participated in this study and of this, 5 were males (25,0%) and 15 were females (75,0%). The results of this research demonstrate the low awareness that the participants have about eye diseases related to aging. At the Lar de São José in Covilhã / Lar da Misericórdia in Belmonte, the knowledge about eye diseases, such as cataracts, is 98,7% / 95,0%. Myopia has a knowledge of 63,2% / 70,0%, Astigmatism of 30,3% / 20,0%, Diabetic Retinopathy of 25,0% / 30,0%, Glaucoma of 21,2% / 20,0%, Hyperopia of 17,1% / 5,0%, Presbyopia of 9,2% / 10,0%, the Uncorrected Refractive Error of 5,3% / 10,0% and on another unspecified (s) of 5,3% / 0,0%.
Purpose: There is a lack of public awareness about eye diseases related to aging, especially in old groups, which are the most affected. Studies have shown that the general population is aware of some eye diseases such as cataracts and glaucoma (98% and 93%, respectively), but the awareness of Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) was much lower (20%). In the elderly population, there is little knowledge and practical attitudes about eye diseases related to aging. The eye diseases with the greatest impact in these populations are Cataract, Glaucoma, AMD, Diabetic Retinopathy (RD), Uncorrected Refractive Error (ERNC) and Presbyopia. Due to the current demographic trends, the population of developed countries is aging rapidly. Increased age is accompanied by a higher prevalence of these eye diseases. Early detection and timely treatment can be successful in the progression of eye diseases, with the potential to significantly improve the quality of the patient’s vision. Awareness of the disease is essential to reduce its development and to prevent irreversible vision loss. For users to be more aware, it is important to improve eye health literacy. Health professionals have a pivotal role in promoting targeted consultation in the work of the visual health component. People more informed about their condition seek treatment for their disease in a timely manner. Objective: The objective of this work is to determine the awareness of eye diseases related to aging in the community living at the Lar de São José, in Covilhã and at the Lar da Misericórdia in Belmonte. Methods: Letters of clarification and request´s for collaboration for the study were sent to the heads of the homes. However, considering the contingencies created by the pandemic associated with the SARS COVID 19 virus and all public health measures and policies adopted in the institutions, it was only possible to collect data at the Lar de São José and at the Lar da Misericórdia in Belmonte through delivery of the questionnaires to the person in charge of the health area at the referred homes to help fill them in with the users who voluntarily decided to participate in the study. The written questionnaire addressed questions about general diseases and eye diseases, as well as knowledge about aging-related eye diseases, risk factors for these diseases, age, sex, education and demography. Results: A questionnaire was applied after being previously tested in a population of residents in homes of 3rd age. Considering the global pandemic situation, by COVID-19, data collection was only possible at Lar de São José, in the city of Covilhã and at the local Lar da Misericórdia in Belmonte, in the village of Belmonte. At the Lar de São José in Covilhã, 76 users participated in the study, 22 males (28,9%) and 54 females (71,1%). At the Lar da Misericórdia in Belmonte, 20 users participated in this study and of this, 5 were males (25,0%) and 15 were females (75,0%). The results of this research demonstrate the low awareness that the participants have about eye diseases related to aging. At the Lar de São José in Covilhã / Lar da Misericórdia in Belmonte, the knowledge about eye diseases, such as cataracts, is 98,7% / 95,0%. Myopia has a knowledge of 63,2% / 70,0%, Astigmatism of 30,3% / 20,0%, Diabetic Retinopathy of 25,0% / 30,0%, Glaucoma of 21,2% / 20,0%, Hyperopia of 17,1% / 5,0%, Presbyopia of 9,2% / 10,0%, the Uncorrected Refractive Error of 5,3% / 10,0% and on another unspecified (s) of 5,3% / 0,0%.
Description
Keywords
Atarata Consciência de Doenças Oculares Degenerescência Macular Relacionada Com A Idade (Dmri) Laucoma Presbiopia Retinopatia Diabética (Rd) Rro Refrativo Não Corrigido