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Este documento encontra-se dividido em dois capítulos: o primeiro capítulo corresponde ao relatório de estágio realizado em Farmácia Comunitária e o segundo capítulo foca-se no trabalho realizado em investigação. O relatório do estágio desenvolvido na Farmácia Salutar, em Lisboa, encontra-se organizado com base na caderneta de aluno cedida pela Diretora do curso de Ciências Farmacêuticas da Universidade da Beira Interior. Os temas abordados neste relatório são os seguintes: caraterização e organização da Farmácia, informação e documentação científica, medicamentos, aprovisionamento e armazenamento, interação farmacêutico-utente-medicamento, automedicação, aconselhamento e dispensa de outros produtos de saúde, outros cuidados de saúde prestados na farmácia, preparação de medicamentos e contabilidade e gestão.
O trabalho que foi feito na vertente de investigação, corresponde ao capítulo dois, e denomina-se “Avaliação do uso de medicamentos potencialmente inapropriados em idosos institucionalizados em lares: aplicação dos Critérios de Beers”. A frequência de doenças crónicas aumenta com a idade; como resultado, os idosos tomam mais medicamentos que os adultos mais jovens. O doente geriátrico tem risco acrescido para a ocorrência de efeitos adversos e interações medicamentosas devido a alterações farmacocinéticas. A prescrição inadequada ainda contribui mais para esse risco. Na tentativa de diminuir a iatrogenia medicamentosa têm sido desenvolvidas ferramentas para auxiliar os prescritores. Neste caso foram utilizados os critérios de Beers ajustados à realidade portuguesa. O estudo foi realizado em cinco instituições de idosos (n=246) na zona do Vale do Tejo e identificou 208 medicamentos potencialmente inapropriados, segundo os critérios aplicados (Critérios de Beers). Para a variável sexo concluiu-se, com um intervalo de confiança de 95%, que a prevalência de medicamentos inapropriados no sexo feminino é significativamente mais relevante. Conclui-se também que os medicamentos potencialmente inapropriados (MPI’s) mais usados foram a quetiapina, o zolpidem e o alprazolam e que as patologias do sistema nervoso central foram as mais associadas à utilização de MPI’s.
This document is divided into two chapters: the first chapter is about the probation report held in Community Pharmacy and the second chapter focuses on the work done in research. The internship report developed in Pharmacy Salutar, in Lisbon, is organized based on the book of student courtesy of the Course Director of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Beira Interior. The topics covered in this report are the following: characterization and organization of Pharmacy, information and scientific documentation, medications, supplies and storage, interaction patient-pharmacist-medication, self-medication, counseling and dismissal of other health products, other health care provided in pharmacy, medicine preparation and accounting and management. The work that was done in the area of research, corresponds to chapter two, and is entitled "Evaluation of the use of potentially inappropriate medications in the elderly institutionalized in nursing homes: applying the Beers Criteria." The frequency of chronic diseases increases with age and as a result, the elderly take more medications than younger adults. The geriatric patient has an increased risk of adverse effects and drug interactions due to pharmacokinetic changes. The inappropriate prescribing contributes even more to that risk. In an attempt to reduce iatrogenic, pharmacological tools have been developed to assist prescribers. In this case, we used Beers criteria adjusted to the Portuguese reality. The study was conducted at five institutions for the elderly (n=246) in the area of Vale do Tejo and identified 208 potentially inappropriate medications according to the criteria (Beers criteria). For gender it is concluded, with a confidence interval of 95%, the prevalence of inappropriate medication in females is significantly more relevant. It was also concluded that the most consumed PIM’s were quetiapine, zolpidem, and alprazolam and the pathologies of central nervous system were more related to the use PIM's.
This document is divided into two chapters: the first chapter is about the probation report held in Community Pharmacy and the second chapter focuses on the work done in research. The internship report developed in Pharmacy Salutar, in Lisbon, is organized based on the book of student courtesy of the Course Director of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Beira Interior. The topics covered in this report are the following: characterization and organization of Pharmacy, information and scientific documentation, medications, supplies and storage, interaction patient-pharmacist-medication, self-medication, counseling and dismissal of other health products, other health care provided in pharmacy, medicine preparation and accounting and management. The work that was done in the area of research, corresponds to chapter two, and is entitled "Evaluation of the use of potentially inappropriate medications in the elderly institutionalized in nursing homes: applying the Beers Criteria." The frequency of chronic diseases increases with age and as a result, the elderly take more medications than younger adults. The geriatric patient has an increased risk of adverse effects and drug interactions due to pharmacokinetic changes. The inappropriate prescribing contributes even more to that risk. In an attempt to reduce iatrogenic, pharmacological tools have been developed to assist prescribers. In this case, we used Beers criteria adjusted to the Portuguese reality. The study was conducted at five institutions for the elderly (n=246) in the area of Vale do Tejo and identified 208 potentially inappropriate medications according to the criteria (Beers criteria). For gender it is concluded, with a confidence interval of 95%, the prevalence of inappropriate medication in females is significantly more relevant. It was also concluded that the most consumed PIM’s were quetiapine, zolpidem, and alprazolam and the pathologies of central nervous system were more related to the use PIM's.
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Keywords
Farmácia comunitária - Estágio pedagógico Iatrogenia medicamentosa Geriatria - Critérios de Beers Critérios de Beers - Idosos institucionalizados Medicamentos - Efeitos adversos
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Universidade da Beira Interior