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Abstract(s)
As doenças neurodegenerativas, como a doença de Parkinson, têm um profundo impacto na qualidade de vida dos doentes, afetando as atividades de vida diárias, as relações sociais e familiares, e de forma geral o bem-estar físico e psicológico dos doentes. Este impacto deve-se às alterações motoras (bradicinesia, tremor, rigidez postural e dificuldade em andar) e não motoras (ansiedade e depressão), características da disfunção dopaminérgica associada à doença de Parkinson e que acarretam perdas significativas para o doente.
O tratamento da doença de Parkinson é feito maioritariamente com abordagens farmacológicas, sendo o tratamento “gold standard” a levodopa. Este fármaco, assim como os outros usados na doença de Parkinson, ajudam ao controlo dos sintomas motores mas não modificam as alterações não motoras e não alteram o curso da doença.
A terapia musical, desde os anos 90, tem sido experimentada como um auxiliar terapêutico na doença de Parkinson. Surgiu inicialmente como uma estratégia para controlar alterações emocionais e psicológicas associadas à doença, tendo posteriormente sido apontada como benéfica também para os sintomas físicos.
A terapia musical, através das diversas técnicas, aparece como uma abordagem complementar à terapêutica farmacológica na doença do Parkinson. Os exercícios praticados nas intervenções musicais permitem que através da estimulação rítmica, e devido ao fenómeno de arrastamento, se obtenham resultados a nível dos sintomas motores. Os doentes com doença de Parkinson, após treino rítmico, conseguem ter um caminhar mais simétrico, reduzindo o risco de queda e melhorando a sua postura. A nível dos distúrbios de humor a terapia musical apresentou também resultados positivos.
O trabalho aqui apresentado pretende fazer uma revisão crítica dos estudos publicados sobre o uso das terapias musicais na doença de Parkinson, e o seu impacto nos sintomas motores e não-motores e na qualidade de vida global dos doentes.
Neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease, have a deep impact on quality of life of patients, affecting their personal life negatively in activities of daily life, in their social and family life, interpersonal relationships and their well -being physical and psychological. This impact is due to the motor changes (bradykinesia, tremor, postural rigidity and difficulty in walking) and non motor (anxiety and depression), characteristics of dopaminergic dysfunction in Parkinson's disease that cause injury to the patient. The treatment of Parkinson's disease is mostly done with pharmacological approaches, which the "gold standard" is levodopa. This drug, as well as others used in Parkinson's disease, help in control the motor symptoms but do not modify the non motor change and does not alter the course of disease. Music therapy has , since the 90s , been tried as a therapeutic aid in Parkinson 's disease. First appeared as a strategy to control emotional and psychological changes in the disease, but it was subsequently identified as beneficial also for the physical symptoms. The music therapy, through various techniques, appears as a complementary approach to pharmacologic therapy in Parkinson's disease. The exercises practiced in musical performances allow through rhythmic stimulation, due to the phenomenon of entrainment, obtained results at the level of motor symptoms. Patients with Parkinson's disease, after rhythmic training, can have a more symmetrical walking, reducing the risk of falling and improve their balance. The level of mood disorders music therapy also showed positive results. The work presented here aims to make a critical review of published studies on the use of music therapy in Parkinson's disease, and its impact on motor symptoms and non motor symptoms and the overall quality of life of patients.
Neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease, have a deep impact on quality of life of patients, affecting their personal life negatively in activities of daily life, in their social and family life, interpersonal relationships and their well -being physical and psychological. This impact is due to the motor changes (bradykinesia, tremor, postural rigidity and difficulty in walking) and non motor (anxiety and depression), characteristics of dopaminergic dysfunction in Parkinson's disease that cause injury to the patient. The treatment of Parkinson's disease is mostly done with pharmacological approaches, which the "gold standard" is levodopa. This drug, as well as others used in Parkinson's disease, help in control the motor symptoms but do not modify the non motor change and does not alter the course of disease. Music therapy has , since the 90s , been tried as a therapeutic aid in Parkinson 's disease. First appeared as a strategy to control emotional and psychological changes in the disease, but it was subsequently identified as beneficial also for the physical symptoms. The music therapy, through various techniques, appears as a complementary approach to pharmacologic therapy in Parkinson's disease. The exercises practiced in musical performances allow through rhythmic stimulation, due to the phenomenon of entrainment, obtained results at the level of motor symptoms. Patients with Parkinson's disease, after rhythmic training, can have a more symmetrical walking, reducing the risk of falling and improve their balance. The level of mood disorders music therapy also showed positive results. The work presented here aims to make a critical review of published studies on the use of music therapy in Parkinson's disease, and its impact on motor symptoms and non motor symptoms and the overall quality of life of patients.
Description
Keywords
Doença de Parkinson Sintomas Motores Sintomas Não Motores Terapia Musical