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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A água constitui um recurso limitado, sendo, no entanto, indispensável e essencial. O
Homem necessita de consumir diariamente, directa e indirectamente, cerca de 2 a 3 litros de
água. Essa água tem de apresentar características de qualidade que garantam a sua
potabilidade, de modo a não constituir um veículo de doenças e poluentes. Contudo, as
disponibilidades não são iguais, quer do ponto de vista da quantidade, quer da qualidade, em
todo o planeta e para todos os seus habitantes. A qualidade da água para consumo humano
tem, por isso, de ser objecto de cuidados permanentes e adequados. O consumidor tem o
direito de receber, na torneira da sua casa, água em condições de ser consumida sem riscos.
O controlo da qualidade da água para consumo humano pode definir-se como o
conjunto sistemático de acções de avaliação de qualidade da água realizadas com carácter
regular pela entidade gestora do sistema de abastecimento de água, com vista à manutenção
permanente da sua qualidade em conformidade com a norma ou padrão estabelecido
legalmente.
No presente trabalho procurou fazer-se uma análise do controlo da qualidade da
água, para consumo humano com base na legislação existente. Com o desenvolvimento deste
assunto cria-se uma base de trabalho que pode servir para desenvolver este tema, com alunos
do ensino básico, em aulas de formação cívica, ajudando assim a consciencializar esses alunos
sobre este tema.
São também desenvolvidos alguns métodos analíticos que poderão ser aplicados e
estudados, a nível do ensino secundário, para a determinação dos parâmetros químicos cálcio,
magnésio e ferro. Para a quantificação do cálcio e do magnésio são sugeridos o método
titrimétrico com algumas alterações relativamente ao utilizado actualmente e o método de
absorção atómica. Este último método também é sugerido para a determinação de ferro. Para
a determinação de ferro indica-se ainda o método de absorção molecular também com
alterações relativamente ao que está a ser aplicado
Water is a limited resource, however it is essential and indispensable. Man needs to consume in a daily basis, direct and indirectly, about 2 a 3 litres of water. And that water must present characteristics of quality that assure that it won`t be a vehicle of pollution and diseases. However, availability is not the same, whether we think in terms of quantity and quality, in all planet and to all it`s habitants. The quality of water for human consumption must for that be object of permanent and adequate care. Consumers have the right to receive in their homes, water that can be used without risks. Quality control of water for human consumption may define itself as the systematic set of evaluation actions of water quality, performed by the institution responsible by the management of the water supply system, with the purpose of maintaining permanently it`s quality in conformity with the legal patterns established. In the present paper, we tried to make an analysis of the quality control of water for human consumption based on existing legislation. With the development of this subject, we created a ground base that can be used to work this theme with elementary school students, in civic formation classes, helping them to be aware of this kind of problems. Are also developed some analytic methods that can be applied and studied at high school level, for the determination of chemical patterns of calcium, magnesium and iron. For the quantification of calcium and magnesium, we suggest the titrimetric method with some changes to the one used in our days, and the atomic absorption method. This last method is also suggested to the determination of iron. For the determination of iron, we as well indicate the molecular absorption method, also with some changes to the one used in our days.
Water is a limited resource, however it is essential and indispensable. Man needs to consume in a daily basis, direct and indirectly, about 2 a 3 litres of water. And that water must present characteristics of quality that assure that it won`t be a vehicle of pollution and diseases. However, availability is not the same, whether we think in terms of quantity and quality, in all planet and to all it`s habitants. The quality of water for human consumption must for that be object of permanent and adequate care. Consumers have the right to receive in their homes, water that can be used without risks. Quality control of water for human consumption may define itself as the systematic set of evaluation actions of water quality, performed by the institution responsible by the management of the water supply system, with the purpose of maintaining permanently it`s quality in conformity with the legal patterns established. In the present paper, we tried to make an analysis of the quality control of water for human consumption based on existing legislation. With the development of this subject, we created a ground base that can be used to work this theme with elementary school students, in civic formation classes, helping them to be aware of this kind of problems. Are also developed some analytic methods that can be applied and studied at high school level, for the determination of chemical patterns of calcium, magnesium and iron. For the quantification of calcium and magnesium, we suggest the titrimetric method with some changes to the one used in our days, and the atomic absorption method. This last method is also suggested to the determination of iron. For the determination of iron, we as well indicate the molecular absorption method, also with some changes to the one used in our days.
Description
Keywords
Água de consumo - Controlo da qualidade