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Avaliação da atividade antibacteriana de seis espécies de cogumelos silvestres
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O presente documento foi elaborado como marco final do meu percurso no Mestrado
Integrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas, sendo composto por um primeiro capítulo
correspondente à componente de investigação e dois capítulos subsequentes
correspondentes aos relatórios de estágio nas vertentes de farmácia comunitária e
farmácia hospitalar.
O primeiro capítulo descreve o trabalho de investigação realizado na área da
microbiologia e cujo objetivo principal foi avaliar a atividade antibacteriana de extratos
etanólicos de seis espécies de macrofungos. Neste sentido, e após contextualização
acerca da importância dos fungos no desenvolvimento de novos fármacos, descrevemse os métodos empregues na realização desta avaliação. Amostras secas de Craterellus
tubaeformis, Craterellus lutescens, Craterellus cornucopioides, Boletus edulis,
Laetiporus sulphureus e Fomitopsis pinicola foram pulverizadas e suspensas em etanol
80% para extração através de uma técnica assistida por ultrassons. A atividade dos
extratos obtidos contra quatro estirpes de bactérias gram-negativas e três estirpes de
bactérias gram-positivas foi testada através de um ensaio de difusão em disco e através
da determinação da concentração mínima inibitória (MIC). Os resultados obtidos
foram variáveis, demonstrando a necessidade de mais estudos, no entanto
Acinetobacter baumannii revelou-se geralmente a estirpe bacteriana mais suscetível
aos extratos macrofúngicos testados.
O segundo capítulo descreve as atividades desenvolvidas e o conhecimento adquirido
durante o estágio em farmácia comunitária na farmácia Sant’Ana, na Boidobra, entre os
dias 27 de novembro e 16 de fevereiro de 2024, reforçando a importância do
farmacêutico junto da comunidade.
O terceiro e último capítulo descreve as atividades desenvolvidas e o conhecimento
adquirido durante o estágio em farmácia hospitalar nos serviços farmacêuticos do
Centro Hospitalar da Cova da Beira, na Covilhã, entre os dias 2 de outubro e 24 de
novembro de 2023, focando no papel do farmacêutico hospitalar como especialista do
medicamento nos serviços e saúde pública em Portugal.
This document was prepared as the final milestone of my Integrated Master's Degree in Pharmaceutical Sciences. It consists of a first chapter corresponding to a research component and two subsequent chapters corresponding to the internship reports in the areas of community pharmacy and hospital pharmacy. The first chapter describes the research carried out in the field of microbiology, with the main objective being the evaluation of the antibacterial activity of ethanolic extracts from six species of macrofungi. In this regard, and after contextualizing the importance of fungi in the development of new pharmaceutical drugs, the methods used to carry out this evaluation are described. Dried samples of Craterellus tubaeformis, Craterellus lutescens, Craterellus cornucopioides, Boletus edulis, Laetiporus sulphureus, and Fomitopsis pinicola were pulverized and suspended in 80% ethanol for extraction using an ultrasound-assisted technique. The activity of the obtained extracts was tested against four strains of Gram-negative bacteria and three strains of Gram-positive bacteria using a disk diffusion assay and by determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The results obtained were varied, demonstrating the need for further studies, however, Acinetobacter baumannii was generally found to be the bacterial strain most susceptible to the macrofungal extracts tested. The second chapter describes the activities carried out and the knowledge acquired during the community pharmacy internship at Farmacia Sant'Ana, in Boidobra, between the 27th of November and the 16th of February 2024, reinforcing the importance of the pharmacist as an active part in community healthcare. The third and final chapter describes the activities carried out and the knowledge acquired during the internship at the hospital pharmacy of the Cova da Beira Hospital Center, in Covilhã, between the 2nd of October and the 24th of November 2023, focusing on the role of the hospital pharmacist as the medication specialist in public health services in Portugal.
This document was prepared as the final milestone of my Integrated Master's Degree in Pharmaceutical Sciences. It consists of a first chapter corresponding to a research component and two subsequent chapters corresponding to the internship reports in the areas of community pharmacy and hospital pharmacy. The first chapter describes the research carried out in the field of microbiology, with the main objective being the evaluation of the antibacterial activity of ethanolic extracts from six species of macrofungi. In this regard, and after contextualizing the importance of fungi in the development of new pharmaceutical drugs, the methods used to carry out this evaluation are described. Dried samples of Craterellus tubaeformis, Craterellus lutescens, Craterellus cornucopioides, Boletus edulis, Laetiporus sulphureus, and Fomitopsis pinicola were pulverized and suspended in 80% ethanol for extraction using an ultrasound-assisted technique. The activity of the obtained extracts was tested against four strains of Gram-negative bacteria and three strains of Gram-positive bacteria using a disk diffusion assay and by determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The results obtained were varied, demonstrating the need for further studies, however, Acinetobacter baumannii was generally found to be the bacterial strain most susceptible to the macrofungal extracts tested. The second chapter describes the activities carried out and the knowledge acquired during the community pharmacy internship at Farmacia Sant'Ana, in Boidobra, between the 27th of November and the 16th of February 2024, reinforcing the importance of the pharmacist as an active part in community healthcare. The third and final chapter describes the activities carried out and the knowledge acquired during the internship at the hospital pharmacy of the Cova da Beira Hospital Center, in Covilhã, between the 2nd of October and the 24th of November 2023, focusing on the role of the hospital pharmacist as the medication specialist in public health services in Portugal.
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Palavras-chave
Mic Atividade Antibacteriana Atividade Antimicrobiana Cogumelos Difusão em Disco Farmácia Comunitária Farmácia Hospitalar Fungos Macrofungos