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MyStreets - Programa de Reminiscência com Realidade Virtual: construção e estudo de viabilidade
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Authors
Abstract(s)
As Terapias Não Farmacológicas (TNF’s) utilizadas na gestão da demência
têm vindo a recorrer às novas tecnologias como ferramentas de intervenção
terapêutica. A Realidade Virtual (RV) tem-se revelado uma ferramenta útil na
Terapia de Reminiscência (TR), podendo promover diversão, relaxamento e a
melhoria do bem-estar geral da Pessoa com Demência (PcD). Este estudo tem como
objetivos construir um programa de reminiscência com RV, analisar a sua viabilidade
e avaliar o impacto no Bem-Estar Subjetivo (BES) e na Memória Autobiográfica
(MA) dos participantes.
O programa de reminiscência com RV, denominado MyStreets, foi construído
com base na revisão da literatura e reflexão sobre a temática. O estudo de viabilidade
foi realizado com 32 participantes residentes em Estruturas Residenciais para
Pessoas Idosas, com idades compreendidas entre os 61 e os 95 anos (M = 83.9, DP =
8.8), que foram divididos em dois grupos (controlo e experimental). O MyStreets é um
programa de 10 sessões de exercícios de reminiscência baseados na apresentação de
locais exteriores significativos com recurso à RV. Foi realizada uma avaliação pré e
pós-intervenção recorrendo a instrumentos de avaliação psicológica.
Os resultados indicaram melhorias significativas no grupo experimental, na
sintomatologia depressiva (Z = - 2.18, p = .029) e ansiógena (Z = - 2.37, p = .018) e na
MA, tanto um aumento significativo do número de MA’s evocadas (Z = - 2.01, p =
.045), como de MA’s específicas (Z = - 3.24, p = .001) e positivas (Z = - 1.99, p = .046).
Constataram-se, ainda, melhorias no bem-estar, elevados níveis de sensação de
presença e a inexistência de sintomas adversos associados à exposição à RV.
Os resultados sugerem que o programa MyStreets promove efeitos positivos
na MA e melhorias na sintomatologia depressiva e ansiógena, sendo necessários
estudos mais robustos para a análise do seu impacto e melhorias ao programa.
Non-pharmacological therapies (NPTs) used in the management of dementia have been using new technologies as therapeutic intervention tools. Virtual Reality (VR) has proved to be a useful tool in Reminiscence Therapy (RT), which can promote fun, relaxation and improve the general well-being of the Person with Dementia (PwD). This study aims to build a reminiscence programme with VR, analyse its feasibility and assess its impact on the participants' Subjective Well-Being (SWB) and Autobiographical Memory (AM). The VR reminiscence program, called MyStreets, was developed based on a literature review and reflection on the topic. The feasibility study was carried out with 32 participants, aged between 61 and 95 years (M = 83.9, SD = 8.8), living in Residential Structures for the Elderly, who were divided into two groups (control and experimental). MyStreets is a 10-session program of reminiscence exercises based on the presentation of significant outdoor locations using VR. A pre- and postintervention evaluation was carried out using psychological assessment instruments. The results showed significant improvements in the experimental group in depressive (Z = - 2.18, p = .029) and anxiety symptoms (Z = - 2.37, p = .018) and in AM’s, both a significant increase in the number of evoked AM’s (Z = - 2.01, p = .045) and specific (Z = - 3.24, p = .001) and positive AM’s (Z = - 1.99, p = .046). There were also improvements in well-being, high levels of feeling present and no adverse symptoms associated with VR exposure. The results suggest that the MyStreets program promotes positive effects on MA and improvements in depressive and anxiety symptoms, but more robust studies are needed to analyse its impact and improvements to the program.
Non-pharmacological therapies (NPTs) used in the management of dementia have been using new technologies as therapeutic intervention tools. Virtual Reality (VR) has proved to be a useful tool in Reminiscence Therapy (RT), which can promote fun, relaxation and improve the general well-being of the Person with Dementia (PwD). This study aims to build a reminiscence programme with VR, analyse its feasibility and assess its impact on the participants' Subjective Well-Being (SWB) and Autobiographical Memory (AM). The VR reminiscence program, called MyStreets, was developed based on a literature review and reflection on the topic. The feasibility study was carried out with 32 participants, aged between 61 and 95 years (M = 83.9, SD = 8.8), living in Residential Structures for the Elderly, who were divided into two groups (control and experimental). MyStreets is a 10-session program of reminiscence exercises based on the presentation of significant outdoor locations using VR. A pre- and postintervention evaluation was carried out using psychological assessment instruments. The results showed significant improvements in the experimental group in depressive (Z = - 2.18, p = .029) and anxiety symptoms (Z = - 2.37, p = .018) and in AM’s, both a significant increase in the number of evoked AM’s (Z = - 2.01, p = .045) and specific (Z = - 3.24, p = .001) and positive AM’s (Z = - 1.99, p = .046). There were also improvements in well-being, high levels of feeling present and no adverse symptoms associated with VR exposure. The results suggest that the MyStreets program promotes positive effects on MA and improvements in depressive and anxiety symptoms, but more robust studies are needed to analyse its impact and improvements to the program.
Description
Keywords
Declínio Cognitivo Ligeiro Demência Memória Autobiográfica Realidade Virtual Terapia de Reminiscência