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Abstract(s)
A prevenção do consumo de álcool é uma das problemáticas que dominam as estratégias de educação para a saúde em contexto escolar, não só pelas consequências perniciosas que lhe estão associadas, mas também pelo facto de, tratando-se de uma substância largamente difundida, estar acessível a um espectro de idades cada vez mais alargado.
O presente estudo tem como objetivo identificar fatores relacionados com o consumo de bebidas alcoólicas em adolescentes, considerando variáveis de carácter pessoal, social, escolar e relacional. Trata-se de um estudo de carácter descritivo-correlacional, com base numa amostra aleatória constituída por 480 estudantes (do 5º ao 12º anos) de ambos os géneros (51,7% raparigas), com uma média de idades de 12,88 anos (DP=2,06), pertencentes a 7 escolas públicas da área metropolitana de Lisboa. Todos os estudantes responderam a um questionário estruturado e os dados foram analisados com base no software SPSS.
Os resultados indicam que o consumo se inicia frequentemente na presença dos pais e que a facilidade com que os jovens têm acesso a bebidas alcoólicas, bem como a permissividade ao seu consumo em locais públicos são fatores de risco para o uso e abuso de álcool. Verifica-se ainda uma associação significativa entre o consumo de álcool e de tabaco, ao contrário do que acontece com outros hábitos de vida (nomeadamente a alimentação saudável e o exercício físico). O sexo não está relacionado com o consumo de álcool. Por outro lado, é igualmente provável que os jovens adquiram hábitos etílicos, independentemente de terem no seu plano curricular aulas que abordem o assunto ou de alguém os alertar para os eventuais riscos deste consumo.
Este estudo reitera, pois, que o consumo de álcool representa uma problemática multifatorial, pelo que a abordagem para a sua prevenção e controlo das consequências deverá ser o mais abrangente possível. A iniciação ocorre precocemente e muitas vezes na presença dos pais, o que sugere a necessidade de medidas específicas de prevenção dirigidas aos pais. A escola, meio de socialização por excelência, deverá ter um papel crucial na prevenção do consumo de álcool, liderando as campanhas preventivas do consumo, mas tanto a família como a própria sociedade deverão ser integradas neste processo, por forma a garantir-se uma prevenção sustentada, esclarecida e coesa, passível de ser praticada por todos e com resultados efetivos.
The prevention of alcohol consumption is one of main concerns of the Health education strategies in the schools because of the pernicious consequences associated with it and the increased access to it. This study tries to identify the factors related with the consumption of alcoholic drinks in teenagers and considers the personal, social, school and relational character as variables. It’s a descriptive-correlational study based in an aleatory sample, composed by 480 students (between 5th and 12th) of both genders (51.7 %of girls), which the mean age is 12.88 years (SD=2.06) of 7 schools of Lisbon metropolitan area. All of the students answered to a quiz and the data was analyzed based on SPSS software. The results show that alcohol consumption starts, usually, in the parent’s presence. Also show that the risk factors of alcohol abuse are the easiness and ability of access to alcoholic drinks in public places. However, the study shows a link between alcohol consumption and Tabaco, in contrast to other life habits (namely healthy diet and exercise). The gender is not related with alcohol consumption. On the other hand, it is equally probable that teenagers acquire these alcohol habits, regardless of their classes that approach the subject or someone to alert them to the risks of this consumption. This study concludes that the alcohol consumption is a multifactorial problem, and should be approach widely. Usually, teenagers start the consumption early and in the parent’s presence, that’s why it’s important to create a prevention program involving the parents. The school should have a fundamental play in the prevention of alcohol consumption, leading programs of prevention but the family and society should be integrated in this project too, to create a sustainable, enlightened and cohesive strategy that can be applied by everyone and with effective results.
The prevention of alcohol consumption is one of main concerns of the Health education strategies in the schools because of the pernicious consequences associated with it and the increased access to it. This study tries to identify the factors related with the consumption of alcoholic drinks in teenagers and considers the personal, social, school and relational character as variables. It’s a descriptive-correlational study based in an aleatory sample, composed by 480 students (between 5th and 12th) of both genders (51.7 %of girls), which the mean age is 12.88 years (SD=2.06) of 7 schools of Lisbon metropolitan area. All of the students answered to a quiz and the data was analyzed based on SPSS software. The results show that alcohol consumption starts, usually, in the parent’s presence. Also show that the risk factors of alcohol abuse are the easiness and ability of access to alcoholic drinks in public places. However, the study shows a link between alcohol consumption and Tabaco, in contrast to other life habits (namely healthy diet and exercise). The gender is not related with alcohol consumption. On the other hand, it is equally probable that teenagers acquire these alcohol habits, regardless of their classes that approach the subject or someone to alert them to the risks of this consumption. This study concludes that the alcohol consumption is a multifactorial problem, and should be approach widely. Usually, teenagers start the consumption early and in the parent’s presence, that’s why it’s important to create a prevention program involving the parents. The school should have a fundamental play in the prevention of alcohol consumption, leading programs of prevention but the family and society should be integrated in this project too, to create a sustainable, enlightened and cohesive strategy that can be applied by everyone and with effective results.
Description
Keywords
Adolescentes. Consumo de Álcool Prevenção do Abuso de Álcool