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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Atualmente os programas curriculares dos cursos superiores de desporto incluem a
modalidade de natação como unidade prática a frequentar. No entanto, os efeitos desses
programas na qualidade técnica dos alunos que os frequentam carecem de evidência científica.
Foi objetivo deste estudo analisar as adaptações na cinemática e eficiência de nado de
estudantes universitários ao longo de um ano letivo.
Dezasseis alunos (19,75±1,13 anos de idade, 66,4±8,62kg de massa corporal e 1,71±9,38m de
estatura) frequentadores de um curso superior em Desporto foram monitorizados ao longo de
um ano letivo. O programa decorreu ao longo de 30 semanas, objetivando o ensino e
aperfeiçoamento das técnicas de nado alternadas. No início (M1), no final do primeiro semestre
(M2) e no final do segundo semestre (M3) foram obtidos: velocidade de nado (v), (ii) frequência
gestual (FG) e (iii) distância de ciclo (DC) como indicadores cinemáticos; (iv) índice de nado
(IN) e flutuação intra-cíclica da velocidade (dv) com indicadores de eficiência; (v) tempo aos
25m (Perf25) com indicador de performance. Recorreu-se ao teste de Friedman para verificar a
existência de variações ao longo do tempo e ao teste de Wilcoxon para comparar os valores
entre momentos. Calcularam-se, ainda, os coeficientes de correlação entre a performance e
todos os restantes indicadores. O nível de significância foi determinado para P £ 0,05.
Registaram-se variações significativas na v tanto em crol (vM1 = 1,13 m/s; vM2 = 1,14 m/s; vM3 =
1,22 m/s; p < 0,01 ; h2 = 0,04), como em costas (vM1 = 0,92 m/s; vM2 = 0,96 m/s; vM3 = 1,00 m/s;
p < 0,01 ; h2 = 0,04). Observou-se ainda uma variação significativa na FG a costas (FGM1 =
0,64 Hz; FGM2 = 0,71 Hz; FGM3 = 0,73 Hz; p = 0,01 ; h2 = 0,16). Nenhum dos indicadores de
eficiência apresentou variações ao longo do tempo, com exceção da dv a crol (dvM1 = 0,13 %;
dvM2 = 0,16 %; dvM3 = 0,12%; p = 0,02; h2 = 0,07). Os valores mais altos de associação com a
performance em todos os momentos foram observados para o IN.
Os resultados do presente estudo sugerem que as unidades curriculares de natação, com
semelhanças ao programa implementado, promovem variações significativas na cinemática e
na eficiência de nado dos alunos universitários que os frequentam.
Currently the curricular programs of sports college degrees include the modality of swimming as a practice to attend. However the effects of these programs in the technique quality of the students that attend this classes, lack of scientific evidence. The objective of this study is to analyze the cinematic adaptions and swimming efficiency of college students along a school year. Sixteen students (19,75±1,13 years old, 66,4±8,62kg body mass and 1,71±9,38m of height) goers in a degree in Sports were monitored over a school year. The program took place over 30 weeks, and aimed at the education and improvement of alternating swimming techniques. At the beginning (M1) in the end of the first semester (M2) and at the end of the second semester (M3) were obtained: swimming speed (v), (ii) gestural frequency (FG) and (iii) distance cycle (DC) as kinematic indicators; (iv) swim index (IN) and intra -cyclical fluctuations in speed (dv) With efficiency indicators; (v) time at 25m (Perf25) as performance indicator. We appealed to the Friedman test to check for variations over time and the Wilcoxon test to compare values between moments. It was also calculated the correlation coefficients between the performance and all the other indicators. The level of significance was set at P £ 0.05. There were significant variations in both v and crol (VM1 = 1.13 m / s; VM2 = 1.14 m / s; VM3 = 1.22 m / s , p < 0.01; h2 = 0.04) and in back (VM1 = 0.92 m / s; VM2 = 0.96 m / s; VM3 = 1.00 m / s , p < 0.01; h2 = 0.04). There was still a significant variation in FG in back (FGM1 = 0.64 Hz; FGM2 = 0.71 Hz; FGM3 Hz = 0.73; p = 0.01; h2 = 0.16). None of efficiency indicators showed variations over time, except for the dv at crol (dvM1 = 0.13%; dvM2 = 0.16 %; dvM3 = 0.12 %, p = 0.02; h2 = 0, 07). The highest values of association with performance in all times were observed for the IN. The results of this study suggest that the courses of swimming with similarities to the implemented program promote significant changes in kinematics and efficiency of swimming of college students who attend them.
Currently the curricular programs of sports college degrees include the modality of swimming as a practice to attend. However the effects of these programs in the technique quality of the students that attend this classes, lack of scientific evidence. The objective of this study is to analyze the cinematic adaptions and swimming efficiency of college students along a school year. Sixteen students (19,75±1,13 years old, 66,4±8,62kg body mass and 1,71±9,38m of height) goers in a degree in Sports were monitored over a school year. The program took place over 30 weeks, and aimed at the education and improvement of alternating swimming techniques. At the beginning (M1) in the end of the first semester (M2) and at the end of the second semester (M3) were obtained: swimming speed (v), (ii) gestural frequency (FG) and (iii) distance cycle (DC) as kinematic indicators; (iv) swim index (IN) and intra -cyclical fluctuations in speed (dv) With efficiency indicators; (v) time at 25m (Perf25) as performance indicator. We appealed to the Friedman test to check for variations over time and the Wilcoxon test to compare values between moments. It was also calculated the correlation coefficients between the performance and all the other indicators. The level of significance was set at P £ 0.05. There were significant variations in both v and crol (VM1 = 1.13 m / s; VM2 = 1.14 m / s; VM3 = 1.22 m / s , p < 0.01; h2 = 0.04) and in back (VM1 = 0.92 m / s; VM2 = 0.96 m / s; VM3 = 1.00 m / s , p < 0.01; h2 = 0.04). There was still a significant variation in FG in back (FGM1 = 0.64 Hz; FGM2 = 0.71 Hz; FGM3 Hz = 0.73; p = 0.01; h2 = 0.16). None of efficiency indicators showed variations over time, except for the dv at crol (dvM1 = 0.13%; dvM2 = 0.16 %; dvM3 = 0.12 %, p = 0.02; h2 = 0, 07). The highest values of association with performance in all times were observed for the IN. The results of this study suggest that the courses of swimming with similarities to the implemented program promote significant changes in kinematics and efficiency of swimming of college students who attend them.
Description
Keywords
Adaptações Na Cinemática Eficiência de Nado Natação Universitária