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Publication
Avaliação da Adesão ao Autocuidado e Estratégias de Coping em indivíduos com Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2
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Authors
Abstract(s)
O presente estudo está integrado no projeto “Impacto de Variáveis Físicas e Psicológicas na Doença Crónica: Avaliação e Intervenção” que contribui para a avaliação de fatores psicossociais em pessoas que têm de conviver diariamente com as exigências impostas pelas doenças crónicas. O objetivo geral do presente estudo foi avaliar os níveis de adesão ao autocuidado e as estratégias de coping em pessoas com diabetes mellitus tipo 2, seguidas no Centro Hospitalar Universitário Cova da Beira. Neste estudo, foi aplicado o questionário sociodemográfico, a Escala de Atividades de Autocuidado com a Diabetes (EAAC) e o Brief Cope. Participaram 71 indivíduos com diabetes mellitus tipo 2, 41 homens e 30 mulheres, com uma média de idades de 68.66 anos. Trata-se de um estudo correlacional, quantitativo, comparativo e transversal. Os principais resultados evidenciaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas ao nível da adesão ao autocuidado tendo em conta várias variáveis demográficas e clínicas como a idade, sexo, residir sozinho, tempo de diagnóstico e utilização de insulina injetável. Relativamente às estratégias de coping, foram evidenciadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas para algumas subescalas ao nível da idade, do sexo, do estado civil, da variável residir sozinho, do tempo de diagnóstico, da existência de outro problema de saúde crónico e da utilização de insulina injetável. Além disso, tendo em conta a relação entre a adesão ao autocuidado e as estratégias de coping foram encontradas várias correlações estatisticamente significativas, mas, maioritariamente fracas a moderadas entre Coping Ativo e Atividade física; Utilização de suporte social emocional e Alimentação específica; Reinterpretação positiva e Atividade física; Aceitação e Atividade física e, por fim, entre Humor e a toma de Medicamentos. Os resultados permitiram concluir que os pacientes com estilos de coping focados na emoção e no apoio sócio-emocional, implementam comportamentos de autocuidado mais apropriados para gerir a sua doença.
The present study is part of the project "Impact of Physical and Psychological Variables on Chronic Illness: Evaluation and Intervention," which contributes to the assessment of psychosocial factors in individuals who must cope daily with the demands imposed by chronic illnesses. The general objective of this study was to assess the levels of adherence to self-care and coping strategies in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus, followed at the Cova da Beira University Hospital Centre. In this study, a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Self-Care Activities with Diabetes Scale (SCADS), and the Brief Cope were administered. Seventy-one individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus participated, including 41 men and 30 women, with a mean age of 68.66 years. This is a correlational, quantitative, comparative, and cross-sectional study. The main results revealed statistically significant differences in self-care adherence, considering various demographic and clinical variables such as age, gender, living alone, time since diagnosis, and use of injectable insulin. Regarding coping strategies, statistically significant differences were found in several subscales for variables such as age, gender, marital status, living alone, time since diagnosis, the presence of another chronic health condition, and the use of injectable insulin. Additionally, considering the relationship between self-care adherence and coping strategies, several statistically significant correlations were found, mostly weak to moderate, between Active Coping and Physical Activity; Use of Emotional Social Support and Specific Diet; Positive Reinterpretation and Physical Activity; Acceptance and Physical Activity; and finally, between Humor and Medication adherence. The results show that patients with coping styles focused on emotion and socioemotional support implement more appropriate self-care behaviors to manage their illness.
The present study is part of the project "Impact of Physical and Psychological Variables on Chronic Illness: Evaluation and Intervention," which contributes to the assessment of psychosocial factors in individuals who must cope daily with the demands imposed by chronic illnesses. The general objective of this study was to assess the levels of adherence to self-care and coping strategies in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus, followed at the Cova da Beira University Hospital Centre. In this study, a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Self-Care Activities with Diabetes Scale (SCADS), and the Brief Cope were administered. Seventy-one individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus participated, including 41 men and 30 women, with a mean age of 68.66 years. This is a correlational, quantitative, comparative, and cross-sectional study. The main results revealed statistically significant differences in self-care adherence, considering various demographic and clinical variables such as age, gender, living alone, time since diagnosis, and use of injectable insulin. Regarding coping strategies, statistically significant differences were found in several subscales for variables such as age, gender, marital status, living alone, time since diagnosis, the presence of another chronic health condition, and the use of injectable insulin. Additionally, considering the relationship between self-care adherence and coping strategies, several statistically significant correlations were found, mostly weak to moderate, between Active Coping and Physical Activity; Use of Emotional Social Support and Specific Diet; Positive Reinterpretation and Physical Activity; Acceptance and Physical Activity; and finally, between Humor and Medication adherence. The results show that patients with coping styles focused on emotion and socioemotional support implement more appropriate self-care behaviors to manage their illness.
Description
Keywords
Adesão ao Autocuidado Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 Doenças Crónicas Estratégias de
Coping