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Abstract(s)
A hipertensão arterial é uma das patologias crónicas mais prevalentes a nível mundial,
afetando cerca de 1 bilião de indivíduos. Constitui o mais notável fator de risco de doença
cardiovascular e as suas complicações incluem-se entre as principais causas de
morbilidade e mortalidade globalmente. Compreende-se, assim, a enorme preocupação da
comunidade médica no seu combate.
A hipertrofia ventricular esquerda corresponde a um aumento patológico da massa do
ventrículo esquerdo. Desde há várias décadas que é conhecida a importância da
hipertensão arterial na etiopatogenia da hipertrofia ventricular esquerda, ainda que só
mais recentemente tenham vindo a ser descortinados os mecanismos envolvidos, muitos
dos quais ainda não são totalmente compreendidos.
A hipertrofia ventricular esquerda tem vindo a ser encarada, classicamente, como uma
resposta adaptativa à sobrecarga mecânica exercida no coração em consequência à
elevação da pressão arterial. No entanto, várias linhas de evidência têm vindo a apontar
para uma maior complexidade dos mecanismos envolvidos e a levantar dúvidas
relativamente ao carácter meramente adaptativo deste fenótipo.
Com a realização desta revisão bibliográfica, através de uma extensa pesquisa e análise de
artigos de revisão e estudos contidos em bases de dados científicas como a Pubmed,
pretende-se analisar e compilar a evidência científica existente relativamente a esta
temática.
Arterial hypertension is one of the most prevalent chronic conditions worldwide, affecting an estimate of 1 billion individuals. It is the most important risk factor for cardiovascular disease and its complications are among the main causes of morbidity and mortality around the globe. Thus, the concern of the medical community towards this issue becomes understandable. Left ventricular hypertrophy is a pathological increase in the mass of the left ventricle. The importance of hypertension in the aetiopathogenesis of left ventricular hypertrophy has been acknowledged decades ago. However, only in the last few years there has been a better understanding of the mechanisms involved, even though many of those remain poorly understood. According to a classic paradigm, left ventricular hypertrophy has been considered an adaptive response to the mechanical overload the heart sustains in arterial hypertension. However, several lines of evidence have shown that there is a bigger complexity in the mechanisms involved, raising doubts whether this phenotype constitutes an exclusively adaptive response or not. By performing an extensive research using review articles and studies contained in scientific databases such as Pubmed, the main purpose of this dissertation is thus to analyse and compile the existing scientific evidence regarding this theme.
Arterial hypertension is one of the most prevalent chronic conditions worldwide, affecting an estimate of 1 billion individuals. It is the most important risk factor for cardiovascular disease and its complications are among the main causes of morbidity and mortality around the globe. Thus, the concern of the medical community towards this issue becomes understandable. Left ventricular hypertrophy is a pathological increase in the mass of the left ventricle. The importance of hypertension in the aetiopathogenesis of left ventricular hypertrophy has been acknowledged decades ago. However, only in the last few years there has been a better understanding of the mechanisms involved, even though many of those remain poorly understood. According to a classic paradigm, left ventricular hypertrophy has been considered an adaptive response to the mechanical overload the heart sustains in arterial hypertension. However, several lines of evidence have shown that there is a bigger complexity in the mechanisms involved, raising doubts whether this phenotype constitutes an exclusively adaptive response or not. By performing an extensive research using review articles and studies contained in scientific databases such as Pubmed, the main purpose of this dissertation is thus to analyse and compile the existing scientific evidence regarding this theme.
Description
Keywords
Fisiopatologia Hipertensão Arterial Hipertrofia Ventricular Esquerda Mecanismos