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Abstract(s)
No decorrer desta dissertação irei abordar duas diferentes vertentes: uma primeira que
consistirá na apresentação do trabalho de investigação desenvolvido no Centro de
Investigação em Ciências da Saúde da Universidade da Beira Interior, sob a orientação da
Professora Doutora Maria Elisa Cairrão, e outra vertente que vai resumir a experiência
profissionalizante em Farmácia Comunitária.
No primeiro capítulo vou apresentar o trabalho de investigação, que teve como objetivo
analisar o efeito genómico e não genómico da Espironolactona a nível vascular e, tendo em
conta os efeitos benéficos e adversos já conhecidos, concluir se a sua utilização compensa
ou não em relação a outras alternativas existentes.
A Espironolactona é um antagonista farmacológico específico da aldosterona que tem
vários efeitos benéficos a nível vascular, nomeadamente no tratamento da hipertensão
arterial e em distúrbios edematosos relacionados com a insuficiência cardíaca congestiva.
Em alguns casos estes efeitos benéficos devem ser contrabalançados com os efeitos
adversos associados à ligação não seletiva a recetores de esteróides. Devido à sua estrutura
esteróide e à exibição de algumas caraterísticas dos esteróides, este fármaco leva a
interferências na função destas hormonas, que por consequência conduz a alterações na
função endócrina de tal forma que leva a efeitos adversos para a saúde humana. Existem
várias definições sugeridas para estas substâncias que são designadas em inglês por
“Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals. Ao longo deste trabalho foram então estudados os
possíveis efeitos de disrupção endócrina através da análise da ação da Espironolactona
sobre o tónus arterial. Mediante a utilização de um banho de órgãos foi estudada a
resposta contrátil da artéria. Várias concentrações da Espironolactona sobre a aorta de
rato foram analisadas, no sentido de observar se este fármaco se comportava como as
hormonas esteroides. Com o decorrer do trabalho verificou-se um maior relaxamento das
artérias com o aumento das concentrações de Espironolactona, sendo este efeito mais
visível quando sujeitas ao agente contrátil cloreto de potássio e quando possuíam
endotélio. Para além de banho de órgãos realizou-se também um ensaio de viabilidade
celular (MTT) para estudar possíveis efeitos tóxicos que o fármaco possa ter sobre as
células da artéria aorta. Com a análise dos resultados constatou-se que o aumento da
toxicidade não era linear com o aumento da concentração, efeito este que é típico de um
disruptor endócrino.
No segundo capítulo irei descrever as atividades desenvolvidas no decorrer do estágio em
farmácia comunitária. O estágio foi realizado na farmácia Modelar do Teixoso, no período de 3 de fevereiro a 13 de março e de 25 de maio a 31 de agosto sob a orientação da
farmacêutica Diana Marinho Lopes e supervisão do diretor técnico João Paiva.
In the course of this dissertation I will address two different aspects: the first that will consist of the presentation of the research work developed at the Center for Research in Health Sciences of the University of Beira Interior, under the guidance of Professor Maria Elisa Cairrão, and another aspect that will summarize the professionalizing experience in Community Pharmacy. In the first chapter I will present the research paper, which aimed to analyze the genomic and non-genomic effect of Spironolactone at a vascular level and, taking into account the already known beneficial and adverse effects, I will come to the conclusion of whether or not its use compensates for other existing alternatives. Spironolactone is a specific pharmacological aldosterone antagonist that has several beneficial vascular effects, including in the treatment of hypertension and edematous disorders related to congestive heart failure. In some cases these beneficial effects should be counterbalanced with the adverse effects associated with non-selective binding to steroid receptors.Due to its steroid structure and the display of some characteristics of steroids, this drug leads to interferences in the function of these hormones, which consequently leads to changes in the endocrine function in such a way that it leads to adverse effects on human health. There are several suggested definitions for these substances that are designated in English as "EndocrineDisruptingChemicals. Throughout this work, the possible effects of endocrine disruption were then studied by analyzing the action of Spironolactone on arterial tone. The contractile response of the artery was studied by means of an organ bath. Several concentrations of Spironolactone on the rat aorta were analyzed so as to observe whether this drug behaved like steroid hormones. Over the course of the study, there was a greater relaxation of the arteries with the increase of spironolactone concentrations, and this effect was more visible when subjected to the contractile agent potassium chloride and when they had endothelium.In addition to organ bathing, a cell viability assay (MTT) was also carried out to study possible toxic effects that the drug may have on aortic artery cells. With the analysis of the results it was found that the increase in toxicity was not linear with the increase in concentration, an effect that is typical of an endocrine disruptor. In the second chapter I will describe the activities developed during the internship in community pharmacy. The internship was held at the Pharmacy Modelar in Teixoso, from February 3th to March 13th and from May 25th to August 31st under the guidance of pharmacist Diana Marinho Lopes and supervised by technical director João Paiva.
In the course of this dissertation I will address two different aspects: the first that will consist of the presentation of the research work developed at the Center for Research in Health Sciences of the University of Beira Interior, under the guidance of Professor Maria Elisa Cairrão, and another aspect that will summarize the professionalizing experience in Community Pharmacy. In the first chapter I will present the research paper, which aimed to analyze the genomic and non-genomic effect of Spironolactone at a vascular level and, taking into account the already known beneficial and adverse effects, I will come to the conclusion of whether or not its use compensates for other existing alternatives. Spironolactone is a specific pharmacological aldosterone antagonist that has several beneficial vascular effects, including in the treatment of hypertension and edematous disorders related to congestive heart failure. In some cases these beneficial effects should be counterbalanced with the adverse effects associated with non-selective binding to steroid receptors.Due to its steroid structure and the display of some characteristics of steroids, this drug leads to interferences in the function of these hormones, which consequently leads to changes in the endocrine function in such a way that it leads to adverse effects on human health. There are several suggested definitions for these substances that are designated in English as "EndocrineDisruptingChemicals. Throughout this work, the possible effects of endocrine disruption were then studied by analyzing the action of Spironolactone on arterial tone. The contractile response of the artery was studied by means of an organ bath. Several concentrations of Spironolactone on the rat aorta were analyzed so as to observe whether this drug behaved like steroid hormones. Over the course of the study, there was a greater relaxation of the arteries with the increase of spironolactone concentrations, and this effect was more visible when subjected to the contractile agent potassium chloride and when they had endothelium.In addition to organ bathing, a cell viability assay (MTT) was also carried out to study possible toxic effects that the drug may have on aortic artery cells. With the analysis of the results it was found that the increase in toxicity was not linear with the increase in concentration, an effect that is typical of an endocrine disruptor. In the second chapter I will describe the activities developed during the internship in community pharmacy. The internship was held at the Pharmacy Modelar in Teixoso, from February 3th to March 13th and from May 25th to August 31st under the guidance of pharmacist Diana Marinho Lopes and supervised by technical director João Paiva.
Description
Keywords
Artéria Aorta de Rato Contratilidade Disruptor Endócrino Espironolactona Farmácia Comunitária Viabilidade