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Authors
Abstract(s)
Cada vez mais a acumulação de plástico nas lixeiras é um problema. A sua composição não biodegradável e produção geralmente feita a partir de combustíveis fósseis fazem com que seja de extrema importância que este plástico se mantenha no ciclo da reciclagem.
Políticas de incentivo á reciclagem, ou punição à má separação de resíduos têm-se provado eficazes para combater o problema, no entanto a contínua e crescente utilização de plásticos requer o desenvolvimento de novas abordagens que contribuam também a este fim.
Viemos também numa era em que o crescimento da tecnologia de modelação por deposição de material fundido (comumente referida como impressão 3D) está a atingir uma escala exponencial, podendo num futuro muito próximo ser um eletrodoméstico comum de encontrar em habitações domésticas, pondo em causa o funcionamento da produção de bens tal como a conhecemos.
Na presente dissertação apresenta-se o dimensionamento e etapas de construção de uma extrusora de termoplástico com dimensões reduzidas, especificamente construída para extrudir resina termoplástica politereftalato de etileno e todas as suas componentes, assente no estudo de termoplásticos, máquinas de fabricação aditiva e da extrusão.
Esta proposta pretende contribuir para a redução do desperdício de termoplásticos, permitindo que a reciclagem seja feita em ambiente doméstico e o produto desta utilizado em máquinas de modelação por deposição de material fundido. Assim, é possibilitada a criação de novos bens a partir de plásticos que seriam descartados, trazendo assim os lucros da reciclagem para o utilizador, diminuindo o desperdício e custos associados ao transporte.
Now more than ever the accumulation of plastic in dumpsters is a problem we are facing. Its non-degradable composition and production generally from fossil fuels make it of extreme importance that this plastic is maintained in the recycling cycle. Policies that incite the population to recycle, or punish a bad waste separation have proven effective to fight this problem, nonetheless the continuous growth of plastics usage requires the development of new approaches that contribute to this end. We also live at a time in which the growth of the fluid deposition modeling (usually known as 3D printing) is at an exponential scale, bringing the possibility of being a common domestic appliance in a few years, jeopardizing the functionality of production of goods, as we know it today. In the present thesis, the design and construction of a small-scale thermoplastic extruder machine, specifically built for the thermoplastic resin Polyethylene Terephthalate and all its components is presented, based on the study of thermoplastics, fluid deposition modeling machines and extrusion. This proposal aims to contribute to the reduction of the waste of thermoplastics, allowing the recycling to be done in a domestic environment and its product used in fluid deposition modeling machines. This way the creation of new goods from plastic that would carelessly be thrown to waste is allowed, bringing the profit obtained from recycling directly to the user, diminishing the waste and costs associated with transport.
Now more than ever the accumulation of plastic in dumpsters is a problem we are facing. Its non-degradable composition and production generally from fossil fuels make it of extreme importance that this plastic is maintained in the recycling cycle. Policies that incite the population to recycle, or punish a bad waste separation have proven effective to fight this problem, nonetheless the continuous growth of plastics usage requires the development of new approaches that contribute to this end. We also live at a time in which the growth of the fluid deposition modeling (usually known as 3D printing) is at an exponential scale, bringing the possibility of being a common domestic appliance in a few years, jeopardizing the functionality of production of goods, as we know it today. In the present thesis, the design and construction of a small-scale thermoplastic extruder machine, specifically built for the thermoplastic resin Polyethylene Terephthalate and all its components is presented, based on the study of thermoplastics, fluid deposition modeling machines and extrusion. This proposal aims to contribute to the reduction of the waste of thermoplastics, allowing the recycling to be done in a domestic environment and its product used in fluid deposition modeling machines. This way the creation of new goods from plastic that would carelessly be thrown to waste is allowed, bringing the profit obtained from recycling directly to the user, diminishing the waste and costs associated with transport.
Description
Keywords
Extrusão Fdm Filamento Impressão 3d Reciclagem