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Authors
Abstract(s)
A presente dissertação, elaborada no âmbito da unidade curricular Estágio e incluída no
plano de estudos do Mestrado Integrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas, encontra-se dividido
em 3 capítulos: o capítulo I refere-se ao projeto de investigação desenvolvido; o capítulo II
aborda a experiência profissionalizante em Farmácia Hospitalar; e o capítulo III diz
respeito à experiência profissionalizante em Farmácia Comunitária.
O primeiro capítulo, direcionado à componente de investigação, aborda o uso e
aconselhamento de psicofármacos em animais de companhia. Estes são tratados como
membros da família com iguais cuidados médicos. Entre a medicação usada estão os
psicofármacos direcionados ao auxílio da resolução de problemas comportamentais. Em
Portugal, parecem existir alguns problemas de informação, relativamente ao tema, tanto
por parte dos médicos veterinários como dos farmacêuticos comunitários no que concerne
ao efeito desta medicação nos animais de companhia. Neste sentido e com o intuito de
perceber melhor o conhecimento que ambas as profissões têm sobre esta área, foi
desenvolvido um estudo observacional transversal. Foi realizado um inquérito de forma a
avaliar a perspetiva dos tutores, e o conhecimento dos veterinários e farmacêuticos
relativamente aos psicofármacos.
A amostra foi constituída por 309 inquiridos, dos quais a grande maioria pertencia ao sexo
feminino (87,70%), possuía no mínimo o ensino secundário (98,38%), sendo que 24,60%
eram Farmacêuticos Comunitários e 16,50% Médicos Veterinários. O distrito com maior
representatividade foi Lisboa (21,7%). Relativamente aos animais de companhia, a faixa
etária mais representativa foi a dos 3 aos 6 anos (22,3% para os cães e 24,40% para os
gatos), e observou-se que apresentavam menos problemas quando viviam com um maior
número de pessoas na mesma casa. Entre os 34 animais aos quais já foi prescrita
medicação para auxílio da resolução dos problemas comportamentais, na maioria
(76,47%) usaram-se psicofármacos, principalmente a clomipramina (23,08%). Sobre este
uso, a maioria da amostra (79,29%) considera-o importante, tal como nos humanos.
Entre as principais escolhas dos Médicos Veterinários para reduzir o medo e a ansiedade
em situações agudas destacam-se o gel transmucosal de dexmedetomidina (15,7%) para os
cães e a gabapentina (47,1%) para os gatos. Já para reduzir os comportamentos agressivos,
destaca-se os protocolos anestésicos injetáveis (39,2%) em cães, e a gabapentina em
combinação com esses protocolos (43,14%) em gatos. De uma forma geral, os resultados indicam que os Farmacêuticos dispensam com pouca
frequência psicofármacos destinados a animais e que durante esse ato, uma parte
considerável (39,47%) apresenta e transmite um conhecimento intermédio sobre os
mesmos. Não obstante, os mais dispensados são as benzodiazepinas e a gabapentina.
O capítulo II, referente ao Estágio em Farmácia Hospitalar, realizado nos Serviços
Farmacêuticos Hospitalares do Hospital Sousa Martins na Guarda, entre os dias 1 de
março e 16 de abril de 2021, aborda a experiência adquirida nas distintas funções
associadas à prática do dia-a-dia do farmacêutico em contexto hospitalar.
Por último, o capítulo III descreve a experiência pessoal e profissional, bem como os
conhecimentos adquiridos durante o Estágio em Farmácia Comunitária, que decorreu
entre os dias 21 de abril e 9 de julho de 2021, na Farmácia Andrade localizada no concelho
de Sátão.
This dissertation, elaborated for the curricular unit Estágio, that belong in the curricular plan of Mestrado Integrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas, is divided into 3 chapters: the chapter I refers to the research project developed; chapter II features the professional experience in Hospital Pharmacy; chapter III concerns about the professional experience in Community Pharmacy. The first chapter dedicated to the research component, analyses the use and counselling of psychotropic drugs in pet animals. These animals are treated as family members with equal medical care. Among the used medication are psychotropic drugs with the aim to solve behavioural problems. In Portugal, it seems to exist some lack of information, either by veterinaries or pharmacists, concerning this medication effects on the animals. To better understand the knowledge that both professions have on this area, a survey was carried out in order to assess the tutor’s perspective and the knowledge of veterinarians and pharmacists about psychotropic drugs. The sample consisted of 309 respondents, of which the vast majority were female (87.70%), had at least secondary education (98.38%), with 24.60% being Community Pharmacists and 16.50 % Veterinaries. The most representative district was Lisbon (21.7%). Regarding companion animals, the most representative age group was between 3 and 6 years old (22.3% for dogs and 24.40% for cats), and it was observed that they had fewer problems when they lived with a greater number of people in the same house. Among the 34 animals that had already been prescribed medication to help solve behavioural problems, the majority (76.47%) used psychotropic drugs, mainly clomipramine (23.08%). Regarding this use, most of the sample (79.29%) considers it important, as in humans. To reduce fear and anxiety in acute situations, Veterinarians mainly choose the transmucosal dexmedetomidine gel (15.7%) for dogs and gabapentin (47.1%) for cats. To reduce aggressive behaviours, injectable anaesthetic protocols (39.2%) in dogs and gabapentin in combination with these protocols (43.14%) in cats stand out. In general, the results indicate that Pharmacists infrequently dispense psychotropic drugs intended for animals and that during this act, a substantial part (39.47%) have and transmit intermediate knowledge about them. However, the most dispensed are benzodiazepines and gabapentin. Chapter II, referring to the internship in Hospital Pharmacy at the Hospital Pharmaceutical Services of Hospital Sousa Martins in Guarda, from March 1 to April 16 of 2021, addresses the experience acquired in the different functions associated with the daily practice of the pharmacist in a hospital context. Finally, chapter III describes the personal and professional experience, as well as the knowledge acquired during the internship in Community Pharmacy, which took place at Farmácia Andrade located in the municipality of Sátão, between April 21 and July 9, 2021.
This dissertation, elaborated for the curricular unit Estágio, that belong in the curricular plan of Mestrado Integrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas, is divided into 3 chapters: the chapter I refers to the research project developed; chapter II features the professional experience in Hospital Pharmacy; chapter III concerns about the professional experience in Community Pharmacy. The first chapter dedicated to the research component, analyses the use and counselling of psychotropic drugs in pet animals. These animals are treated as family members with equal medical care. Among the used medication are psychotropic drugs with the aim to solve behavioural problems. In Portugal, it seems to exist some lack of information, either by veterinaries or pharmacists, concerning this medication effects on the animals. To better understand the knowledge that both professions have on this area, a survey was carried out in order to assess the tutor’s perspective and the knowledge of veterinarians and pharmacists about psychotropic drugs. The sample consisted of 309 respondents, of which the vast majority were female (87.70%), had at least secondary education (98.38%), with 24.60% being Community Pharmacists and 16.50 % Veterinaries. The most representative district was Lisbon (21.7%). Regarding companion animals, the most representative age group was between 3 and 6 years old (22.3% for dogs and 24.40% for cats), and it was observed that they had fewer problems when they lived with a greater number of people in the same house. Among the 34 animals that had already been prescribed medication to help solve behavioural problems, the majority (76.47%) used psychotropic drugs, mainly clomipramine (23.08%). Regarding this use, most of the sample (79.29%) considers it important, as in humans. To reduce fear and anxiety in acute situations, Veterinarians mainly choose the transmucosal dexmedetomidine gel (15.7%) for dogs and gabapentin (47.1%) for cats. To reduce aggressive behaviours, injectable anaesthetic protocols (39.2%) in dogs and gabapentin in combination with these protocols (43.14%) in cats stand out. In general, the results indicate that Pharmacists infrequently dispense psychotropic drugs intended for animals and that during this act, a substantial part (39.47%) have and transmit intermediate knowledge about them. However, the most dispensed are benzodiazepines and gabapentin. Chapter II, referring to the internship in Hospital Pharmacy at the Hospital Pharmaceutical Services of Hospital Sousa Martins in Guarda, from March 1 to April 16 of 2021, addresses the experience acquired in the different functions associated with the daily practice of the pharmacist in a hospital context. Finally, chapter III describes the personal and professional experience, as well as the knowledge acquired during the internship in Community Pharmacy, which took place at Farmácia Andrade located in the municipality of Sátão, between April 21 and July 9, 2021.
Description
Keywords
Cão Farmacêutico Comunitário Farmácia Comunitária Farmácia Hospitalar Gato Médico Veterinário Problemas Comportamentais Psicofármacos Tutor