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Abstract(s)
Malformações congénitas são alterações na formação inicial das estruturas no embrião ou no feto. A frequência pode chegar até 7%. Anualmente, 276.000 recém-nascidos morrem durante as primeiras quatro semanas de vida em todo mundo. Este estudo teve como objetivo estudar a frequência de malformações congênitas em recém-nascidos no Hospital Geral Especializado Augusto Ngangula no período de fevereiro a março de 2016. Tratou-se de um estudo descritivo, observacional e transversal. A amostra foi constituída por 53 mães e respetivos 53 Recém-Nascidos portadores de malformações congénitas. A recolha de dados foi feita através de um questionário e da observação do Recém-nascido englobando informações sobre características da mãe, características do recém-nascido e das malformações visíveis. Para analisar as frequências relativas de malformações congénitas foram usadas as medidas de estatística descritiva. De um total de 2769 partos, dos quais resultaram 3003 recém-nascidos em que 2888 são nados vivos (96,8%) e 115 (3,8%) são nados mortos. Destes nados mortos, 1 (0,87%) tinha malformação congénita. Dos 1500 RN nados vivos, cujas mães foram avaliadas, 53 evidenciaram malformações congénitas (3.6%). A média de idade das mães foi de 30 (± 6.6). Metade desta população é suburbana (49,1). A maioria (32,1%) tem instrução básica e superior (28,3%) e 15,1% não têm instrução. Sete mães referem ter contacto assíduo com galinhas (11,3%) ou gatos (1,9%). Dois terços (64,2%) das parturientes têm 1 a 3 gestações anteriores. Na história pregressa 9,4% referiram nados mortos, 36% referiram entre 1 (84,2%) a 2 abortos (15,8%). Metade das parturientes (52,8%) realizou 4-6 consultas pré-natal e 96,2% teve uma gravidez de termo. O parto por cesariana (54,7%) foi o mais frequente. O ácido fólico e ferro foram usados de forma isolada ou combinada por 94,3 % das mães. A infeção na pele (exantema) foi referida em 6 parturientes (11,3%) e só 3,8% estavam vacinadas contra o vírus da rubéola. Os RN tiveram um peso médio 3000 gramas (± 3,0), um índice do Apgar (1º minuto) de 7 (± 1,7) e o Perímetro cefálico de 35 cm (± 2,2). As malformações congénitas mais frequentes foram as polidactilias (40,7%), as fístulas pré-auriculares (27,8%) e dos órgãos genitais (14,8%).
Congenital malformations are changes in the initial formation of structures in the embryo or the foetus. The frequency can reach up to 7%. Each year, 276,000 new-borns die during the first four weeks of life worldwide. The main goal was to study the frequency of congenital malformations in new-borns at the Augusto Ngangula Specialized General Hospital from February to March 2016. This study is descriptive, observational and transversal. The sample consisted of 53 mothers and their new-borns with congenital malformations. Data were collected through a questionnaire and observation of the new born including information about the characteristics of the mother, characteristics of the new-borns and visible malformations. The descriptive statistics measures were used to analyse the relative frequencies of congenital malformations. From a total of 2769 births resulting in 3003 new-borns, 2888 were live births (96.8%) and 115 (3.8%) were stillborn. Of these, 1 (0.87%) had congenital malformation. Of the 1500 live births, which mothers were surveyed, 53 showed congenital malformations (3.6%). The mother mean age was 30 (± 6.6). Half of this population is suburban (49.1). The majority (32.1%) had basic and higher education (28.3) and 15.1% had no education. Seven mother referred a frequent contact with chickens (11.3%) or cats (1.9%). Two-thirds (64.2%) of the parturient have 1 to 3 previous pregnancies. In previous history 9.4% reported stillbirths, 36% reported between 1 and 2 abortion. Half of the parturient (52.8%) performed 4-6 prenatal consultations and 96.2% had a full term pregnancy. Caesarean delivery (54.7%) was the most frequent. Folic acid and iron were used alone or in combination by 94,3 % of the mothers. Skin infection (rash) was reported in 6 parturient (11.3%) and only 3.8% were vaccinated against rubella virus. The NB had a mean weight of 3000 grams (± 3.0), the Apgar index (1 minute) 7 (± 1,7) and the cephalic perimeter 35 cm (± 2.2). The most common congenital malformations were polydactyly (40.7%) followed by preauricular fistulas (27.8%) and genital organs (14.8%).
Congenital malformations are changes in the initial formation of structures in the embryo or the foetus. The frequency can reach up to 7%. Each year, 276,000 new-borns die during the first four weeks of life worldwide. The main goal was to study the frequency of congenital malformations in new-borns at the Augusto Ngangula Specialized General Hospital from February to March 2016. This study is descriptive, observational and transversal. The sample consisted of 53 mothers and their new-borns with congenital malformations. Data were collected through a questionnaire and observation of the new born including information about the characteristics of the mother, characteristics of the new-borns and visible malformations. The descriptive statistics measures were used to analyse the relative frequencies of congenital malformations. From a total of 2769 births resulting in 3003 new-borns, 2888 were live births (96.8%) and 115 (3.8%) were stillborn. Of these, 1 (0.87%) had congenital malformation. Of the 1500 live births, which mothers were surveyed, 53 showed congenital malformations (3.6%). The mother mean age was 30 (± 6.6). Half of this population is suburban (49.1). The majority (32.1%) had basic and higher education (28.3) and 15.1% had no education. Seven mother referred a frequent contact with chickens (11.3%) or cats (1.9%). Two-thirds (64.2%) of the parturient have 1 to 3 previous pregnancies. In previous history 9.4% reported stillbirths, 36% reported between 1 and 2 abortion. Half of the parturient (52.8%) performed 4-6 prenatal consultations and 96.2% had a full term pregnancy. Caesarean delivery (54.7%) was the most frequent. Folic acid and iron were used alone or in combination by 94,3 % of the mothers. Skin infection (rash) was reported in 6 parturient (11.3%) and only 3.8% were vaccinated against rubella virus. The NB had a mean weight of 3000 grams (± 3.0), the Apgar index (1 minute) 7 (± 1,7) and the cephalic perimeter 35 cm (± 2.2). The most common congenital malformations were polydactyly (40.7%) followed by preauricular fistulas (27.8%) and genital organs (14.8%).
Description
Keywords
Angola Frequência Malformações Congénitas Recém-Nascidos