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Abstract(s)
A presente dissertação integra a Unidade Curricular Estágio, do Mestrado Integrado em
Ciências Farmacêuticas, estando dividida em três capítulos: componente de
investigação, componente profissional em Farmácia Hospitalar e Farmácia Comunitária.
O capítulo I é referente à componente de investigação que consistiu no estudo
observacional transversal realizado na Universidade da Beira Interior cujo objetivo
principal passava por avaliar a experimentação e o consumo de produtos de tabaco e de
nicotina por parte dos estudantes universitários. De forma, a cumprir estes objetivos este
estudo baseou-se na aplicação de um inquérito online, com amostragem por
conveniência, aos estudantes da universidade. Posteriormente realizou-se a análise
descritiva, bivariada e regressão logística dos dados recolhidos utilizando o Microsoft
Office - Excel versão 2203 e o IBM SPSS statistics 28.
Integraram este estudo 452 inquiridos com idade média 21,9 ± 3 anos, dos quais 67,0%
eram do sexo feminino. Estes frequentavam todas as 5 faculdade, mas apenas 56 dos 114
cursos da universidade. Dos estudantes, 60,4% relataram ter experimentado produtos
de tabaco e/ou de nicotina, nomeadamente, 79,4% já experimentaram o tabaco aquecido,
70,2% o cigarro eletrónico e 68,5% o cachimbo de água. A prevalência de consumo de
produtos de tabaco e/ou de nicotina foi de 31,2% (45,6% para o sexo masculino e 24,4%
para o sexo feminino p<0,001), sendo predominante o policonsumo. Dos consumidores,
41,1% relataram o consumo de tabaco aquecido, 20,6% de cigarro eletrónico, e 14,9% de
cachimbo de água.
A maioria dos estudantes discorda que o cigarro eletrónico, o tabaco aquecido e o
cachimbo de água sejam menos prejudiciais para a saúde do que o tabaco comum; que
auxiliam na cessação tabágica, e que o seu consumo não promove a integração social ou
superioridade. Dos estudantes, 67,0%, 73,7% e 7,7% concordam que a exposição ao
aerossol do cigarro eletrónico, do tabaco aquecido e do cachimbo de água,
respetivamente. Enquanto que, 52,4%, 60,4% e 32,1% consideram que o cigarro
eletrónico, o tabaco aquecido e o cachimbo de água, respetivamente, criam dependência.
Para alem disso, entre os estudantes, A maioria dos estudantes considera que o
marketing e a publicidade da indústria aumenta o número de consumidores, tanto para
o cigarro eletrónico como para o tabaco aquecido. A grande maioria dos estudantes concorda que a proibição de fumar em espaços públicos
fechados é cumprida na sua faculdade e nos serviços de saúde/hospitais; embora uma
minoria defenda que esta proibição deva ser alargada a todo o recinto exterior de cada
faculdade (34,5%) ou que a referida lei diminua o número de fumadores (39,2%).
Estes resultados alertam para a necessidade de implementar estratégias robustas de
prevenção e controlo tabágico especificamente dirigidas para os estudantes
universitários.
O capítulo II relata a minha experiência e as atividades desenvolvidas durante o meu
estágio curricular no Serviços Farmacêuticos do Centro Hospitalar e Universitário da
Cova da Beira que decorreu entre 13 de setembro e 28 de outubro de 2021 sob a
orientação da Dra. Olímpia Fonseca. Neste estágio tive a oportunidade de conhecer cada
setor dos Serviços Farmacêuticos e contactar com o circuito do medicamento no hospital.
Integrei equipas multidisciplinares, especialmente durante a reunião clínica, dando
especial ênfase às funções desempenhadas pelo farmacêutico, especialmente nas áreas
dos processos logísticos do medicamento e produtos farmacêuticos, distribuição e
dispensa de medicamentos e produtos farmacêuticos, farmacotecnia e farmácia clínica.
O capítulo III descreve o meu estágio curricular em Farmácia Comunitária realizado na
Farmácia Nova Central em Bragança, entre 2 de novembro de 2021 e 28 de janeiro de
2022, orientado pela Dra. Micaela Pires, diretora técnica da farmácia. Este estágio
permitiu-me entender o papel do farmacêutico como “especialista do medicamento” e
contactar com a prática farmacêutica em farmácia comunitária. Ao longo do período de
estágio fui desenvolvendo as competências necessárias para realizar de forma autónoma
as tarefas diárias: aquisição e armazenamento de medicamentos e produtos de saúde,
dispensa de medicamentos sujeitos e não sujeitos a receita médica e de produtos de
saúde, cuidados farmacêutico e acompanhamento de doentes. Destaco, pela sua
relevância a realização dos testes de antigénio para a COVID-19 e o acompanhamento
destes doentes.
This dissertation is part of the Internship Course Unit of the Integrated Master's Degree in Pharmaceutical Sciences and is divided into three chapters: research component, professional component in Hospital Pharmacy and Community Pharmacy. Chapter I refers to the research component which consisted of a cross-sectional observational study carried out at the University of Beira Interior whose main objective was to assess the experimentation and consumption of tobacco and nicotine products by university students. To fulfill these objectives, this study was based on the application of an online survey, with convenience sampling, to university students. Subsequently, a descriptive and bivariate analysis and logistic regression were conducted using Microsoft Office - Excel version 2203 and IBM SPSS statistics 28. This study included 452 individuals with a mean age of 21.9 ± 3 years, 67.0% of whom were female. They attended all 5 faculties, but only 56 of the 114 university courses. From the students, 60.4% reported having tried tobacco and/or nicotine products, namely, 79.4% had tried the heated tobacco, 70.2% the electronic cigarette and 68.5% the water pipe. The prevalence of consumption of tobacco and/or nicotine products was 31.2% (45.6% for males and 24.4% for females p<0.001), with polydrug consumption being predominant. Of the consumers, 41.1% reported consumption of heated tobacco, 20.6% of electronic cigarette, and 14.9% of water pipe. Most students disagree that e-cigarette, heated tobacco and waterpipe are less harmful to health than regular tobacco; that they assist in smoking cessation, and that their consumption does not promote social integration or superiority. Of the students, 67.0%, 73.7% and 7.7% agree that exposure to aerosol from e-cigarette, heated tobacco, and water pipe respectively. Whereas 52.4%, 60.4% and 32.1% consider that e-cigarette, heated tobacco, and water-pipe respectively are addictive. The majority of the students consider that the marketing and advertising industry increases the number of consumers for both e-cigarette and heated tobacco. Chapter II reports my experience and the activities developed during my curricular internship in the Pharmaceutical Services of the Centro Hospitalar e Universitário da Cova da Beira, which took place between 13 September and 28 October 2021 under the guidance of Dr. Olímpia Fonseca. In this internship I had the opportunity to know each sector of the Pharmaceutical Services and contact with the circuit of the medicine in the hospital. I integrated multidisciplinary teams, especially during clinical meetings, with special emphasis on the functions performed by the pharmacist, especially in the areas of logistics processes of medicines and pharmaceutical products, distribution and dispensation of medicines and pharmaceutical products, pharmacotechnical and clinical pharmacy. Chapter III describes my curricular internship in Community Pharmacy carried out at Farmácia Nova Central in Bragança, between November 2, 2021 and January 28, 2022, guided by Dr. Micaela Pires, technical director of the pharmacy. This internship allowed me to understand the role of the pharmacist as "medicine specialist" and to get in touch with the pharmaceutical practice in community pharmacy. Throughout the internship period I developed the necessary skills to carry out autonomously the daily tasks: acquisition and storage of medicines and health products, dispensation of prescription and non-prescription medicines and health products, pharmaceutical care, and monitoring of patients. I would like to highlight, due to its relevance, the performance of antigen tests for COVID-19 and the follow-up of these patients.
This dissertation is part of the Internship Course Unit of the Integrated Master's Degree in Pharmaceutical Sciences and is divided into three chapters: research component, professional component in Hospital Pharmacy and Community Pharmacy. Chapter I refers to the research component which consisted of a cross-sectional observational study carried out at the University of Beira Interior whose main objective was to assess the experimentation and consumption of tobacco and nicotine products by university students. To fulfill these objectives, this study was based on the application of an online survey, with convenience sampling, to university students. Subsequently, a descriptive and bivariate analysis and logistic regression were conducted using Microsoft Office - Excel version 2203 and IBM SPSS statistics 28. This study included 452 individuals with a mean age of 21.9 ± 3 years, 67.0% of whom were female. They attended all 5 faculties, but only 56 of the 114 university courses. From the students, 60.4% reported having tried tobacco and/or nicotine products, namely, 79.4% had tried the heated tobacco, 70.2% the electronic cigarette and 68.5% the water pipe. The prevalence of consumption of tobacco and/or nicotine products was 31.2% (45.6% for males and 24.4% for females p<0.001), with polydrug consumption being predominant. Of the consumers, 41.1% reported consumption of heated tobacco, 20.6% of electronic cigarette, and 14.9% of water pipe. Most students disagree that e-cigarette, heated tobacco and waterpipe are less harmful to health than regular tobacco; that they assist in smoking cessation, and that their consumption does not promote social integration or superiority. Of the students, 67.0%, 73.7% and 7.7% agree that exposure to aerosol from e-cigarette, heated tobacco, and water pipe respectively. Whereas 52.4%, 60.4% and 32.1% consider that e-cigarette, heated tobacco, and water-pipe respectively are addictive. The majority of the students consider that the marketing and advertising industry increases the number of consumers for both e-cigarette and heated tobacco. Chapter II reports my experience and the activities developed during my curricular internship in the Pharmaceutical Services of the Centro Hospitalar e Universitário da Cova da Beira, which took place between 13 September and 28 October 2021 under the guidance of Dr. Olímpia Fonseca. In this internship I had the opportunity to know each sector of the Pharmaceutical Services and contact with the circuit of the medicine in the hospital. I integrated multidisciplinary teams, especially during clinical meetings, with special emphasis on the functions performed by the pharmacist, especially in the areas of logistics processes of medicines and pharmaceutical products, distribution and dispensation of medicines and pharmaceutical products, pharmacotechnical and clinical pharmacy. Chapter III describes my curricular internship in Community Pharmacy carried out at Farmácia Nova Central in Bragança, between November 2, 2021 and January 28, 2022, guided by Dr. Micaela Pires, technical director of the pharmacy. This internship allowed me to understand the role of the pharmacist as "medicine specialist" and to get in touch with the pharmaceutical practice in community pharmacy. Throughout the internship period I developed the necessary skills to carry out autonomously the daily tasks: acquisition and storage of medicines and health products, dispensation of prescription and non-prescription medicines and health products, pharmaceutical care, and monitoring of patients. I would like to highlight, due to its relevance, the performance of antigen tests for COVID-19 and the follow-up of these patients.
Description
Keywords
Cachimbo de Água Cigarro Eletrónico Estudantes Universitários Nicotina Proibição de Fumar em Locais Públicos Fechados Tabaco Tabaco Aquecido