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Abstract(s)
Introdução: A Diabetes Mellitus é uma doença metabólica crónica extremamente comum na população mundial corrente. Tendo em conta as consequências que traz para o dia-a-dia dos doentes, torna-se relevante a realização deste trabalho experimental de forma a introduzir métodos que possam melhorar a sua qualidade de vida.
Objetivo: Este trabalho tem como principais objetivos verificar a acuidade visual com a utilização de um furo multiestenopeico, melhorar os resultados da AV monocular em pacientes diabéticos com decréscimo deste parâmetro visual (valores de AV superiores a 0 LogMar), quantificar a melhoria de AV obtida, descrever as características visuais dos pacientes diabéticos onde essa melhoria não fosse notada e, por fim, efetuar recomendações fundamentadas para a alteração do protocolo de rastreio à retinopatia diabética.
Métodos: Foram analisados 340 pacientes no rastreio à retinopatia diabética, dos quais foram incluídos 238 no estudo. A esses pacientes foi medida a acuidade visual com e sem o uso do furo multiestenopeico e comparados ambos os valores. A medição da AV com furo multiestenopeico foi feita em pacientes com valores piores que 0 LogMar monocular. O furo era colocado à frente do olho em avaliação e registados os valores finais.
Resultados: Através da análise das variáveis, foi possível verificar que a idade média dos pacientes foi de 70,6±9,7 anos com idades bastante semelhantes entre ambos os géneros. Com a utilização do furo estenopeico, 151 pacientes (63%) melhoraram a sua AV em pelo menos um olho. A melhoria verificada foi estatisticamente significativa (p<0,01), não havendo diferença entre géneros. A média da melhoria da acuidade visual, recorrendo ao furo multiestenopeico, foi de -0,08 ±0,17. Os intervalos de confiança de 95% são de -0,10 a -0,06, o que indica uma melhoria de acuidade visual. No total, 75 dos 87 casos que não melhoraram a sua AV (86%) apresentam cataratas e/ou problemas na córnea.
Conclusões: Com este estudo foi possível verificar que a utilização do furo multiestenopeico foi útil para determinar uma estimativa da acuidade visual com a melhor compensação em sujeitos diabéticos.
Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus is an extremely common chronic metabolic disease in the world's current population. Taking into account the consequences it brings to patients daily lives, the existence of this experimental work is relevant to improve their quality of life. Objective: The main objective of this study was to verify visual acuity using a multiple pinhole, to improve monocular AV results in diabetic patients with a decrease in this visual parameter (AV values higher than 0 LogMar), to quantify VA improvement obtained, to describe the visual characteristics of the diabetic patients where this improvement was not noticed and, finally, make substantiated recommendations for the alteration of the screening protocol for diabetic retinopathy. Methods: A total of 340 patients were screened for diabetic retinopathy, of which 238 were included in the study. Visual acuity was measured with and without the use of the multiple pinhole, and both values were compared. Measurement of VA with multiple pinhole was performed in patients with worse values than 0 monocular LogMar. The pinhole was placed in front of the eye under evaluation and the final values were recorded. Results: Through the analysis of the variables, it was possible to verify that the mean age of the patients was 70.6 ± 9.7 years with very similar ages between both genders. With the use of the pinhole, 151 patients (63%) improved their VA in at least one eye. The improvement verified was statistically significant (p <0.01), with no difference between genders. The mean improvement in visual acuity, using the multiple pinhole, was -0.08 ± 0.17. The 95% confidence intervals are -0.10 to -0.06, which indicates an improvement in visual acuity. Overall, 75 of the 87 cases that didn’t improve their VA (86%) had cataracts and / or corneal problems. Conclusions: With this study it was possible to verify that the use of the multiple pinhole was very important in order to help to determine best spectacle corrected VA in diabetic subjects.
Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus is an extremely common chronic metabolic disease in the world's current population. Taking into account the consequences it brings to patients daily lives, the existence of this experimental work is relevant to improve their quality of life. Objective: The main objective of this study was to verify visual acuity using a multiple pinhole, to improve monocular AV results in diabetic patients with a decrease in this visual parameter (AV values higher than 0 LogMar), to quantify VA improvement obtained, to describe the visual characteristics of the diabetic patients where this improvement was not noticed and, finally, make substantiated recommendations for the alteration of the screening protocol for diabetic retinopathy. Methods: A total of 340 patients were screened for diabetic retinopathy, of which 238 were included in the study. Visual acuity was measured with and without the use of the multiple pinhole, and both values were compared. Measurement of VA with multiple pinhole was performed in patients with worse values than 0 monocular LogMar. The pinhole was placed in front of the eye under evaluation and the final values were recorded. Results: Through the analysis of the variables, it was possible to verify that the mean age of the patients was 70.6 ± 9.7 years with very similar ages between both genders. With the use of the pinhole, 151 patients (63%) improved their VA in at least one eye. The improvement verified was statistically significant (p <0.01), with no difference between genders. The mean improvement in visual acuity, using the multiple pinhole, was -0.08 ± 0.17. The 95% confidence intervals are -0.10 to -0.06, which indicates an improvement in visual acuity. Overall, 75 of the 87 cases that didn’t improve their VA (86%) had cataracts and / or corneal problems. Conclusions: With this study it was possible to verify that the use of the multiple pinhole was very important in order to help to determine best spectacle corrected VA in diabetic subjects.
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Keywords
Acuidade Visual Diabetes Mellitus Furo Multiestenopeico Retinopatia Diabética