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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O estado de conservação dos edifícios de habitação sofre com a ação dos agentes exteriores,
traduzindo-se na sua degradação ao longo dos anos. Então é cada vez mais importante
garantir as condições mínimas de conforto e habitabilidade aos seus ocupantes.
O objetivo deste trabalho é a inspeção técnica e reabilitação da envolvente exterior de um
edifício de habitação social. Para que esta ficasse bem estruturada surgiu a necessidade de
fazer um estudo prévio da história e evolução técnica da fachada.
A fachada é um dos elementos mais importantes no que diz respeito ao desempenho
energético dos edifícios ao longo da evolução técnica da construção, sendo necessário
melhorar continuamente o edificado menos recente em Portugal, de forma a obter melhorias
na eficiência energética e até mesmo da própria estética, que é muito importante para
salubridade das cidades. Pretende-se então na parte inicial desta dissertação abordar a
evolução das paredes exteriores, a sua variedade no que diz respeito a materiais, a sua
função perante a sua envolvente e toda a informação que se achou relevante perante o tema.
Depois do estudo da fachada pretende-se então desenvolver um modelo de inspeção técnica e
descrever a utilidade da inspeção técnica dos edifícios. A elaboração de um diagnóstico das
principais patologias do edifício permitirá fazer um levantamento geral das suas
características e também das suas condições de conservação. Nesta parte prática para além
de se fazer o levantamento das características e do respetivo enquadramento do edifício em
estudo, pretende-se inspecionar o estado de conservação e avaliar a qualidade das fachadas
com base em exigências de qualidade. Isto é desenvolver grelhas de níveis de qualidade
segundo o coeficiente de transmissão térmica de cada elemento que irá ser alvo de estudo.
Por fim pretende-se propor uma solução de reabilitação através da utilização da técnica de
fachada ventilada de um edifício do parque habitacional da Covilhã, Boidobra, com
justificação técnica da proposta, execução de peças desenhadas e realização de 3D, com
objetivo de conseguir obter uma ilustração das alterações que o edifício irá sofrer a nível
estético.
Antes de dar início a solução de reabilitação é explicado no que consiste a fachada ventilada,
a sua diversidade, tipo soluções atuais e quais os materiais existentes no mercado. A escolha
da fachada ventilada, é por este ser um método funcional, ter um potencial valor estético e
também térmico.
Deste modo reabilitação é cada vez mais importante, de modo a preservar a construção
envelhecida e evitando ao máximo as demolições. A fachada ventilada proposta será o
elemento que irá valorizar as condições do edifício em estudo.
The condition of the housing buildings suffers from the action of external agents, resulting in its degradation over the years. So it is increasingly important to ensure the minimum conditions of habitability and comfort to its occupants. The objective of this work is the technical inspection and rehabilitation of the external surroundings of a building of social housing. For this to be well structured it was necessary to make a preliminary study of the historical and technical evolution of the facade. The facade is one of the most important elements regarding the energy performance of buildings throughout the technical evolution of construction, being necessary to continuously improve the less recent built in Portugal in order to achieve improvements in energy efficiency and even the aesthetic itself, which is very important for the health of cities. It is intended in the early part of this dissertation address the evolution of the outer walls, its variety in regards to materials, its function before its surroundings and all the information that was found relevant to the topic. After studying the facade we intend to develop a model of technical inspection and describe the usefulness of technical inspection of buildings. The elaboration of a diagnosis of the major pathologies of the building will make a general survey of its features and also the conditions of its conservation. Beyond this practical part of doing a survey of the characteristics and the respective framework of the building under study, we intend to inspect the condition and assess the quality of facades based on quality requirements. This is, developing grids of quality levels according to the heat transfer coefficient of each element that will be questioned. Finally we intend to propose a solution of rehabilitation through the use of the technique of ventilated facade of the park building housing of Covilhã, Boidobra, with technical justification of the proposal, execution drawings and 3D realization, in order to achieve an illustration of the changes that the building will suffer in an aesthetic level. Before beginning the rehabilitation solution it is explained in what the ventilated facade consists in, its diversity, for example current solutions and the existing materials in the market. The choice of ventilated facade is because this is a functional test and has a potential heat value as well as aesthetic. This rehabilitation mode is increasingly important in order to preserve the aged construction so as to avoid the demolitions; the ventilated facade is the element that will enhance the condition of the building under study.
The condition of the housing buildings suffers from the action of external agents, resulting in its degradation over the years. So it is increasingly important to ensure the minimum conditions of habitability and comfort to its occupants. The objective of this work is the technical inspection and rehabilitation of the external surroundings of a building of social housing. For this to be well structured it was necessary to make a preliminary study of the historical and technical evolution of the facade. The facade is one of the most important elements regarding the energy performance of buildings throughout the technical evolution of construction, being necessary to continuously improve the less recent built in Portugal in order to achieve improvements in energy efficiency and even the aesthetic itself, which is very important for the health of cities. It is intended in the early part of this dissertation address the evolution of the outer walls, its variety in regards to materials, its function before its surroundings and all the information that was found relevant to the topic. After studying the facade we intend to develop a model of technical inspection and describe the usefulness of technical inspection of buildings. The elaboration of a diagnosis of the major pathologies of the building will make a general survey of its features and also the conditions of its conservation. Beyond this practical part of doing a survey of the characteristics and the respective framework of the building under study, we intend to inspect the condition and assess the quality of facades based on quality requirements. This is, developing grids of quality levels according to the heat transfer coefficient of each element that will be questioned. Finally we intend to propose a solution of rehabilitation through the use of the technique of ventilated facade of the park building housing of Covilhã, Boidobra, with technical justification of the proposal, execution drawings and 3D realization, in order to achieve an illustration of the changes that the building will suffer in an aesthetic level. Before beginning the rehabilitation solution it is explained in what the ventilated facade consists in, its diversity, for example current solutions and the existing materials in the market. The choice of ventilated facade is because this is a functional test and has a potential heat value as well as aesthetic. This rehabilitation mode is increasingly important in order to preserve the aged construction so as to avoid the demolitions; the ventilated facade is the element that will enhance the condition of the building under study.
Description
Keywords
Desempenho Térmico Fachada Fachada Ventilada Inspeção Técnica Reabilitação