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Abstract(s)
Face à crescente necessidade humana em adquirir novos produtos, o desenvolvimento económico exige não só o consumo de recursos naturais, como contribui para a produção desenfreada de resíduos responsáveis pela degradação do planeta. Neste contexto, o desenvolvimento sustentável tem sido assumido como uma diretriz na integração de políticas económicas, ambientais e sociais, por parte das empresas e governos. Ao adotarem práticas mais sustentáveis as empresas aumentam a sua competitividade através de produtos e processos ambientalmente mais amigáveis. Assim, aliando o desenvolvimento sustentável à inovação, surge o conceito de eco-inovação como a introdução de bens e processos (novos ou significativamente melhorados) que geram benefícios ambientais em detrimento das alternativas disponíveis.
Todavia, a implementação de eco-inovações envolve vários atores e é impulsionada por fatores de diferentes naturezas. Deste modo, a presente investigação tem por objetivo identificar e analisar os principais fatores que impulsionam a introdução de eco-inovações na indústria transformadora portuguesa, bem como a sua propensão para tal. Especial enfoque será dado ao contributo dos materiais, nomeadamente à sua influência na introdução de ecoinovação no setor de fabricação de calçado. Com este intuito considera-se, inicialmente, um quadro conceptual apoiado pelas teorias e conceitos que a bibliografia apresenta nesta temática. Este suporte teórico foi então corroborado por um estudo empírico de modo a identificar/analisar os fatores impulsionadores da propensão das empresas para a ecoinovação. As hipóteses de investigação foram testadas com recurso a dados secundários provenientes do Inquérito Comunitário à Inovação - CIS 2008. Este instrumento recolhe informação sobre a inovação nas empresas em Portugal, para os anos 2006, 2007 e 2008. Finalmente recorreu-se à análise estatística bivariada e multivariada para analisar os fatores previamente identificados, bem como as relações que exercem entre si, na introdução de eco-inovações na indústria transformadora. Assim, aos dados obtidos aplicaram-se os testes paramétricos mais adequados e, posteriormente, o modelo de regressão logística.
Os resultados do presente estudo mostram que os fatores que impulsionam a propensão das empresas para a eco-inovação são: a propensão para a inovação, os fatores externos e as ecoinovações introduzidas no contexto dos materiais. No entanto, estes últimos são aqueles que contribuem para a probabilidade de ocorrer maior “Propensão para a Eco-inovação” da indústria transformadora.
As result of the growing human need to acquire new products, the economic development brings a large consumption of the natural resources and contributes for a rampant waste with severe consequences for the planet's degradation. In this context, sustainable development has been adopted, by companies and governments, as main guideline into economic, environmental and social policies. In fact, when the companies adopt more sustainable practices, they are increasing their competitiveness through more environmentally friendly products and processes. Therefore, combining sustainable development with innovation, the concept of eco-innovation appears with the introduction of goods (new or significantly improved) and processes that promotes environmental benefits over the alternatives available. However, the implementation of eco-innovations involves various actors and is driven by different factors. Therefore, the main goal of the present study is to identify/analyse the factors that promote introduction of eco-innovations on the Portuguese manufacturing industry, as well as it propensity for that. Special focus will be given to the contribution of materials, in particular their influence on the introduction of eco-innovation in the manufacturing sector of footwear. For this purpose, was considered, initially, a conceptual framework supported by different theories and concepts of the bibliography. This theoretical support was corroborated by an empirical study to identify/analyse the main factors about the companies' propensity for the eco-innovation. The research hypotheses were tested by the secondary data from the Community Innovation Survey - CIS 2008. This instrument collects information about innovation for the Portuguese companies, along the years 2006 to 2008. Finally, it was used the bivariate and multivariate statistical analysis to analyse the factors previously identified , as well as the relationships that exert on each other, on the introduction of eco-innovations relatively to the manufacturing industry. In this context, the data obtained were applied to the most appropriate parametric tests and, then, the logistic regression model. According with the results of the present study, the main factors for the companies' propensity in terms of eco-innovation are: the propensity for innovation, external factors and the eco-innovations introduced by materials. However, the last ones are responsible by the probability to higher occurrence of the "Propensity for Eco-innovation" on the manufacturing industry.
As result of the growing human need to acquire new products, the economic development brings a large consumption of the natural resources and contributes for a rampant waste with severe consequences for the planet's degradation. In this context, sustainable development has been adopted, by companies and governments, as main guideline into economic, environmental and social policies. In fact, when the companies adopt more sustainable practices, they are increasing their competitiveness through more environmentally friendly products and processes. Therefore, combining sustainable development with innovation, the concept of eco-innovation appears with the introduction of goods (new or significantly improved) and processes that promotes environmental benefits over the alternatives available. However, the implementation of eco-innovations involves various actors and is driven by different factors. Therefore, the main goal of the present study is to identify/analyse the factors that promote introduction of eco-innovations on the Portuguese manufacturing industry, as well as it propensity for that. Special focus will be given to the contribution of materials, in particular their influence on the introduction of eco-innovation in the manufacturing sector of footwear. For this purpose, was considered, initially, a conceptual framework supported by different theories and concepts of the bibliography. This theoretical support was corroborated by an empirical study to identify/analyse the main factors about the companies' propensity for the eco-innovation. The research hypotheses were tested by the secondary data from the Community Innovation Survey - CIS 2008. This instrument collects information about innovation for the Portuguese companies, along the years 2006 to 2008. Finally, it was used the bivariate and multivariate statistical analysis to analyse the factors previously identified , as well as the relationships that exert on each other, on the introduction of eco-innovations relatively to the manufacturing industry. In this context, the data obtained were applied to the most appropriate parametric tests and, then, the logistic regression model. According with the results of the present study, the main factors for the companies' propensity in terms of eco-innovation are: the propensity for innovation, external factors and the eco-innovations introduced by materials. However, the last ones are responsible by the probability to higher occurrence of the "Propensity for Eco-innovation" on the manufacturing industry.
Description
Keywords
Indústria transformadora - Desenvolvimento sustentável Indústria transformadora - Inovação Indústria transformadora - Eco-inovação Indústria transformadora - Materiais