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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: Atualmente, a demência é uma das principais causas de incapacidade na
população idosa. Carateriza-se pela deterioração adquirida das capacidades cognitivas e
pela presença de sintomas neuropsiquiátricos, estes últimos, destacam-se pela diminuição
dramática que causam na qualidade de vida dos doentes e dos seus cuidadores. O objetivo
da presente tese é, a partir de revisão literária, analisar a eficácia de medidas não
farmacológicas na redução do consumo de fármacos, nomeadamente antipsicóticos, no
controlo de alterações comportamentais e psicológicas nos doentes com demência, em
particular, na diminuição de agitação/agressividade.
Métodos: pesquisa bibliográfica em plataformas médicas, normas de orientação clínica,
guidelines e manuais de Neurologia.
Resultados: São várias as medidas não farmacológicas que se demonstram úteis na
redução do consumo de antipsicóticos, nomeadamente, a simples revisão medicamentosa
por profissionais, educação sobre comunicação entre os cuidadores e os doentes, terapia
com música, intervenção biopsicossocial e a atividade física.
Conclusão: Apesar de largamente utilizados, os antipsicóticos associam-se a reações
adversas graves, particularmente, na população idosa, principal classe etária afetada pelas
diversas demências. Tendo em conta a evidência científica é fundamental implementar
medidas não farmacológicas adaptadas ao contexto social de cada doente para reduzir o
consumo de antipsicóticos no controlo de alterações comportamentais.
Introduction: Currently, dementia is one of the main causes of disability in the elderly population. It is characterized by the decrease in cognitive abilities and the presence of neuropsychiatric symptoms, the latter standing out for the dramatic decrease in the quality of life of patients and their caregivers. The aim of this thesis is, based on a literature review, to analyze the effectiveness of non-pharmacological measures in reducing drug consumption, particularly, antipsychotics, to control behavioral and psychological changes in patients with dementia, like agitation and aggressiveness. Methods: The research took place in the main databases, neurology manuals and clinical guidelines. Results: There are several non-pharmacological measures that have been shown to be useful in reducing the consumption of antipsychotics, such as medication review by professionals, development of effective communication skills between care-taker and patient, music therapy, biopsychosocial intervention and physical activity. Conclusion: Despite being widely used, antipsychotics are associated with serious adverse reactions, particularly in the elderly population, the main age group affected by dementias. Considering the scientific evidence, it is essential to implement non-pharmacological measures adapted to the social context of each patient to reduce the consumption of antipsychotics in the control of behavioral changes.
Introduction: Currently, dementia is one of the main causes of disability in the elderly population. It is characterized by the decrease in cognitive abilities and the presence of neuropsychiatric symptoms, the latter standing out for the dramatic decrease in the quality of life of patients and their caregivers. The aim of this thesis is, based on a literature review, to analyze the effectiveness of non-pharmacological measures in reducing drug consumption, particularly, antipsychotics, to control behavioral and psychological changes in patients with dementia, like agitation and aggressiveness. Methods: The research took place in the main databases, neurology manuals and clinical guidelines. Results: There are several non-pharmacological measures that have been shown to be useful in reducing the consumption of antipsychotics, such as medication review by professionals, development of effective communication skills between care-taker and patient, music therapy, biopsychosocial intervention and physical activity. Conclusion: Despite being widely used, antipsychotics are associated with serious adverse reactions, particularly in the elderly population, the main age group affected by dementias. Considering the scientific evidence, it is essential to implement non-pharmacological measures adapted to the social context of each patient to reduce the consumption of antipsychotics in the control of behavioral changes.
Description
Keywords
Agitação Agressividade Antipsicóticos Demência Neuropsiquiátrico