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Abstract(s)
O presente trabalho foi realizado no âmbito da unidade curricular Estágio, do Mestrado
Integrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas, encontrando-se dividido em três capítulos: o
primeiro capítulo refere-se à análise das notificações de reações adversas recebidas pelo
Sistema Nacional de Farmacovigilância (SNF), entre janeiro de 2011 e dezembro de
2021, relativamente às Benzodiazepinas (BZDs); o segundo capítulo diz respeito ao
relatório de estágio curricular realizado em Farmácia Comunitária entre 6 de fevereiro
a 28 de abril de 2023; e o terceiro capítulo aborda o relatório de estágio curricular
desenvolvido em Farmácia Hospitalar entre 1 de maio a 23 de junho de 2023 .
O primeiro capítulo, intitula-se de “Riscos associados à terapêutica medicamentosa da
ansiedade: análise de reações adversas associadas às benzodiazepinas notificadas ao
sistema nacional de Farmacovigilância”. Desde cedo os medicamentos assumiram um
papel importante, na luta contra a doença, como tal, foi percetível que estes não são
desprovidos de riscos. Assim a Farmacovigilância apresenta-se como um processo
indispensável na monitorização da segurança dos medicamentos. Ao longo do tempo,
tem vindo a ser notório um aumento dos problemas de saúde mental, onde se insere a
ansiedade. A crescente prevalência de doenças do foro psicológico aliada ao consumo
global exagerado de BZDs, por períodos superiores aos recomendados, tem-se revelado
preocupante, estando na origem de um grave problema de Saúde Pública. Desta forma
torna-se essencial estudar o perfil de segurança das BZDs, sendo, o objetivo deste
estudo a caracterização das notificações reportadas, de forma a identificar o perfil dos
notificadores bem como das BZDs às reações adversas associadas, mais frequentemente
notificados ao SNF. Este estudo englobou, 288 notificações, nas quais foram avaliados
vários parâmetros, sendo exemplo, o tipo de notificador, a caraterização demográfica
da população, a caraterização das reações adversas aos medicamentos (RAMs) por
órgãos e sistemas afetados, a caraterização das RAMs quanto à gravidade e critério de
gravidade, a caraterização mais pormenorizada das RAMs onde o critério de gravidade
foi “Morte” e “Risco de Vida” e a caraterização das RAMs de acordo com a evolução da
reação. A análise dos resultados evidenciaram que a BZD mais notificada, durante este
período de estudo, foi o alprazolam. Os 3 grupos System Organ Classes (SOC) mais
frequentemente notificados, foram “Doenças do sistema nervoso”, “Perturbações gerais
e alteração do local de administração” e “Perturbação do foro psiquiátrico”.
Relativamente à gravidade, os nossos resultados demonstram uma elevada
percentagem de RAMs consideradas “Graves”, associadas a situações “Clinicamente importantes”, “Incapacidade”, “Hospitalizações”, “Risco de Vida” e “Morte”. Estes
resultados demonstram a necessidade de uma crescente sensibilização sobre o
aconselhamento e notificação de suspeita de RAMs destes medicamentos.
O segundo capítulo descreve as atividades desenvolvidas no decorrer do estágio
curricular em Farmácia Comunitária, na Farmácia da Misericórdia, situada na cidade
de Trancoso, sob orientação da Dra. Marta Salvador. Durante este período tive
oportunidade de verificar que o farmacêutico comunitário tem um papel crucial na
sociedade, assim como de consolidar os conhecimentos adquiridos ao longo do curso,
bem como adquirir novas competências.
O terceiro capítulo descreve o estágio curricular em Farmácia Hospitalar, realizado na
Unidade Local de Saúde de Castelo-Branco, sob a orientação da Dra. Sandra Queimado.
Este relatório descreve as atividades desenvolvidas nos Serviços Farmacêuticos, nos
vários setores que o compõem e destaca o papel do farmacêutico no âmbito dos serviços
farmacêuticos hospitalares.
This work was carried out within the scope of the Internship curricular unit, of the Integrated Master's Degree in Pharmaceutical Sciences, and is divided into three chapters: the first chapter refers to the analysis of notifications of adverse reactions received by the National Pharmacovigilance System (SNF), between January 2011 and December 2021, regarding Benzodiazepines (BZDs); the second chapter concerns the curricular internship report carried out in Community Pharmacy between February 6th and April 28th, 2023; and the third chapter addresses the curricular internship report developed in Hospital Pharmacy between May 1st and June 23rd, 2023. The first chapter is entitled “Risks associated with drug therapy for anxiety: analysis of adverse reactions associated with benzodiazepines reported to the national Pharmacovigilance system”. From an early age, medicines played an important role in the fight against the disease, as such, it was clear that they were not without risks. Thus, Pharmacovigilance presents itself as an indispensable process in monitoring the safety of medicines. Over time, there has been a notable increase in mental health problems, including anxiety. The growing prevalence of psychological illnesses combined with the global exaggerated consumption of BZDs, for periods longer than recommended, has proven to be worrying, being the cause of a serious public health problem. Therefore, it is essential to study the safety profile of BZDs, with the objective of this study being to characterize the reported reports, to identify the profile of the reporters as well as the BZDs and associated adverse reactions, most frequently reported to the SNF. This study encompassed 288 reports, in which several parameters were evaluated, such as the type of reporter, the demographic characterization of the population, the characterization of Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) by affected organs and systems, the characterization of ADRs in terms of seriousness and seriousness criteria. The more detailed characterization of ADRs where the serious criteria were “Death” and “Risk to Life” and the characterization of ADRs according to the evolution of the reaction were also analyzed. Analysis of the results showed that the most reported BZD during this study period was alprazolam. The 3 most frequently reported System Organ Classes (SOC) groups were “Nervous system diseases”, “General disorders and change in administration site” and “Psychiatric disorder”. Regarding seriousness, the results demonstrated a high percentage of ADRs considered “Serious”, associated with “Clinically important”, “Disability”, “Hospitalizations”, “Life-threatening” and “Death” These results demonstrate the need for increasing awareness about, counseling and reporting suspected ADRs of these medications. The second chapter describes the activities developed during the curricular internship in Community Pharmacy, at “Farmácia da Misericórdia”, located in the city of Trancoso, under the guidance of Dr. Marta Salvador. During this period, I had the opportunity to see that the community pharmacist plays a crucial role in society, as well as to consolidate the knowledge acquired throughout the course, as well as acquire new skills. The third chapter describes the curricular internship in Hospital Pharmacy, carried out at the Local Health Unit of Castelo-Branco, under the guidance of Dr. Sandra Queimado. This report describes the activities carried out in Pharmaceutical Services, in the various sectors that comprise it and highlights the role of the pharmacist within the scope of hospital pharmaceutical services.
This work was carried out within the scope of the Internship curricular unit, of the Integrated Master's Degree in Pharmaceutical Sciences, and is divided into three chapters: the first chapter refers to the analysis of notifications of adverse reactions received by the National Pharmacovigilance System (SNF), between January 2011 and December 2021, regarding Benzodiazepines (BZDs); the second chapter concerns the curricular internship report carried out in Community Pharmacy between February 6th and April 28th, 2023; and the third chapter addresses the curricular internship report developed in Hospital Pharmacy between May 1st and June 23rd, 2023. The first chapter is entitled “Risks associated with drug therapy for anxiety: analysis of adverse reactions associated with benzodiazepines reported to the national Pharmacovigilance system”. From an early age, medicines played an important role in the fight against the disease, as such, it was clear that they were not without risks. Thus, Pharmacovigilance presents itself as an indispensable process in monitoring the safety of medicines. Over time, there has been a notable increase in mental health problems, including anxiety. The growing prevalence of psychological illnesses combined with the global exaggerated consumption of BZDs, for periods longer than recommended, has proven to be worrying, being the cause of a serious public health problem. Therefore, it is essential to study the safety profile of BZDs, with the objective of this study being to characterize the reported reports, to identify the profile of the reporters as well as the BZDs and associated adverse reactions, most frequently reported to the SNF. This study encompassed 288 reports, in which several parameters were evaluated, such as the type of reporter, the demographic characterization of the population, the characterization of Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) by affected organs and systems, the characterization of ADRs in terms of seriousness and seriousness criteria. The more detailed characterization of ADRs where the serious criteria were “Death” and “Risk to Life” and the characterization of ADRs according to the evolution of the reaction were also analyzed. Analysis of the results showed that the most reported BZD during this study period was alprazolam. The 3 most frequently reported System Organ Classes (SOC) groups were “Nervous system diseases”, “General disorders and change in administration site” and “Psychiatric disorder”. Regarding seriousness, the results demonstrated a high percentage of ADRs considered “Serious”, associated with “Clinically important”, “Disability”, “Hospitalizations”, “Life-threatening” and “Death” These results demonstrate the need for increasing awareness about, counseling and reporting suspected ADRs of these medications. The second chapter describes the activities developed during the curricular internship in Community Pharmacy, at “Farmácia da Misericórdia”, located in the city of Trancoso, under the guidance of Dr. Marta Salvador. During this period, I had the opportunity to see that the community pharmacist plays a crucial role in society, as well as to consolidate the knowledge acquired throughout the course, as well as acquire new skills. The third chapter describes the curricular internship in Hospital Pharmacy, carried out at the Local Health Unit of Castelo-Branco, under the guidance of Dr. Sandra Queimado. This report describes the activities carried out in Pharmaceutical Services, in the various sectors that comprise it and highlights the role of the pharmacist within the scope of hospital pharmaceutical services.
Description
Keywords
Ansiedade Benzodiazepinas Farmácia Comunitária Farmácia Hospitalar Farmacovigilância Reações Adversas Medicamentosas Sistema Nacional de
Farmacovigilância