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Abstract(s)
Introdução: A glândula da tiroide produz, armazena e liberta para a corrente sanguínea as hormonas tiroideias. Estas hormonas são as responsáveis por inúmeras funções no nosso organismo e contribuem para o homeostasia do mesmo. Deste modo, alterações nas concentrações das hormonas tiroideias (por défice ou excesso) vão provocar desequilíbrios entre os diferentes sistemas, principalmente no sistema cardiovascular. O hipertiroidismo ocorre quando existe um excesso de hormonas tiroideias em circulação na corrente sanguínea, conduzindo o organismo a um estado hipermetabólico e a uma exacerbação dos efeitos do sistema nervoso simpático. A hipertensão é uma doença crónica em que a pressão sanguínea se encontra constantemente elevada em comparação com os valores de referência. A presença concomitante destas duas patologias é muito frequente, e vários estudos tem tentado analisar a relação que existe entre estas patologias.
Objetivos: Compreender o mecanismo pelo qual o hipertiroidismo é capaz de afetar o sistema cardiovascular, principalmente no desenvolvimento da hipertensão arterial.
Metodologia: Foi efetuada ume revisão bibliográfica na base de dados Pubmed, Science Direct e Medscape. A pesquisa foi complementada com a procura de referências bibliográficas que constavam nos artigos disponíveis. A revisão foi efetuada entre novembro de 2018 e março de 2019.
Conclusão: A hipertensão arterial e o hipertiroidismo são problemas globais, com elevada prevalência e com consequências importantes tanto para os pacientes e com custos elevados para o Sistema Nacional de Saúde. Pela pesquisa e análise de diferentes artigos e trabalhos científicos concluímos que existe uma relação entre estas duas entidades.
Pela positividade da relação entre estas duas patologias torna-se importante na avaliação inicial de um paciente ter em conta esta mesma relação de forma a gerir e orientar o paciente da melhor forma possível.
Introduction The thyroid gland produces, stores and releases thyroid hormones into the bloodstream. These hormones are responsible for numerous functions in our body and contribute to the homeostasis of the same. Thus, changes in the concentrations of thyroid hormones (for deficit or excess) will cause imbalances between the different systems, especially in the cardiovascular system. Hyperthyroidism occurs when there is an excess of thyroid hormones circulating in the bloodstream, leading the body to a hypermetabolic state and an exacerbation of the effects of the sympathetic nervous system. Hypertension is a chronic condition in which blood pressure is constantly high compared to the reference values. The concomitant presence of these two pathologies is very frequent, and several studies have tried to analyze the relationship that exists between these pathologies. Objective: Understand the mechanism by which hyperthyroidism is able to affect the cardiovascular system, especially in the development of hypertension. Methodology: A bibliographic review was performed in the Pubmed database, Science Direct and Medscape. The research was complemented with the search for bibliographical references that appeared in the available articles. The review was carried out between November 2018 and March 2019. Conclusion: Hypertension and hyperthyroidism are global problems, with high prevalence and with important consequences for both patients and high costs for the National Health System. By the research and analysis of different articles and scientific works we conclude that there is a relation between these two entities. The positivity of the relationship between these two pathologies becomes important in the initial evaluation of a patient to take into account this same relation in order to manage and guide the patient in the best possible way.
Introduction The thyroid gland produces, stores and releases thyroid hormones into the bloodstream. These hormones are responsible for numerous functions in our body and contribute to the homeostasis of the same. Thus, changes in the concentrations of thyroid hormones (for deficit or excess) will cause imbalances between the different systems, especially in the cardiovascular system. Hyperthyroidism occurs when there is an excess of thyroid hormones circulating in the bloodstream, leading the body to a hypermetabolic state and an exacerbation of the effects of the sympathetic nervous system. Hypertension is a chronic condition in which blood pressure is constantly high compared to the reference values. The concomitant presence of these two pathologies is very frequent, and several studies have tried to analyze the relationship that exists between these pathologies. Objective: Understand the mechanism by which hyperthyroidism is able to affect the cardiovascular system, especially in the development of hypertension. Methodology: A bibliographic review was performed in the Pubmed database, Science Direct and Medscape. The research was complemented with the search for bibliographical references that appeared in the available articles. The review was carried out between November 2018 and March 2019. Conclusion: Hypertension and hyperthyroidism are global problems, with high prevalence and with important consequences for both patients and high costs for the National Health System. By the research and analysis of different articles and scientific works we conclude that there is a relation between these two entities. The positivity of the relationship between these two pathologies becomes important in the initial evaluation of a patient to take into account this same relation in order to manage and guide the patient in the best possible way.
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Keywords
Disfunção Tiroideia Hipertensão Arterial Hipertiroidismo Hormonas da Tiroide Terapia Anti Hipertensora Terapia Tiroidea Tiroide