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Abstract(s)
O presente trabalho contempla trĂȘs capĂtulos que abordam cada um dos
perĂodos de aprendizagem inseridos na unidade curricular âEstĂĄgioâ do Mestrado
Integrado em CiĂȘncias FarmacĂȘuticas.
O primeiro capĂtulo Ă© respeitante ao trabalho de investigação laboratorial
desenvolvido no Centro de Investigação em CiĂȘncias da SaĂșde da Universidade da Beira
Interior. Este capĂtulo inclui uma breve introdução Ă emergĂȘncia e propagação da
resistĂȘncia antimicrobiana, considerada uma ameaça importante Ă saĂșde pĂșblica a
nĂvel mundial. Entre os mecanismos de resistĂȘncia bacteriana, as bombas de efluxo
desempenham um papel na extrusão de diferentes moléculas, contribuindo assim para
a resistĂȘncia antimicrobiana. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) Ă© uma bactĂ©ria de
Gram-positivo que pode apresentar resistĂȘncia a vĂĄrios antibiĂłticos, para a qual NorA,
uma bomba de efluxo predominante destas estirpes, Ă© conhecida por promover
resistĂȘncia Ă s fluoroquinolonas. Assim, a inibição desta bomba de efluxo pode modular
a resistĂȘncia em S. aureus, nomeadamente Ă s fluoroquinolonas. Portanto, este estudo
teve como principal objetivo averiguar a capacidade de um composto natural, o
resveratrol, modular a resistĂȘncia Ă s fluoroquinolonas em S. aureus. Para tal, avaliouse a atividade antimicrobiana e o efeito modulatĂłrio do resveratrol, tendo sido
posteriormente analisada a capacidade de o resveratrol potenciar a acumulação de
brometo de etĂdio em S. aureus. AlĂ©m disso, estudou-se ainda o impacto do resveratrol
na emergĂȘncia de resistĂȘncias e no prolongamento do efeito pĂłs antibiĂłtico. No seu
conjunto, os resultados sugerem que o resveratrol modulou a resistĂȘncia Ă norfloxacina,
por inibição de NorA, aumentando a eficåcia deste antibiótico contra S. aureus.
O segundo capĂtulo diz respeito ao estĂĄgio em FarmĂĄcia Hospitalar, que foi
realizado nos Serviços FarmacĂȘuticos do Centro Hospitalar UniversitĂĄrio Cova da
Beira, no perĂodo de 7 de fevereiro a 25 de março de 2022, sob a orientação da Dr.ÂȘ
Maria OlĂmpia Fonseca. Ao longo do capĂtulo, sĂŁo descritas as ĂĄreas e as respetivas
funçÔes dos farmacĂȘuticos na farmĂĄcia hospitalar, mencionando-se igualmente as
atividades realizadas durante o estĂĄgio.
O terceiro capĂtulo remete ao estĂĄgio em FarmĂĄcia ComunitĂĄria, que foi
realizado na FarmĂĄcia Moderna do Tortosendo, no perĂodo de 28 de março a 24 de
junho de 2022, sob a orientação da Dr.a Maria Octåvia Vaz e do Dr. Fernando Campos.
Neste capĂtulo, Ă© apresentado o modo de funcionamento da farmĂĄcia, a legislação que regula o setor, as responsabilidades imputadas ao farmacĂȘutico na prĂĄtica da sua
atividade profissional, assim como as tarefas e atividades desempenhadas durante o
estĂĄgio.
The present work includes three chapters that address each of the learning periods included in the curricular unit "Internship" of the Integrated Master in Pharmaceutical Sciences. The first chapter concerns to the laboratory research work developed at the Health Sciences Research Centre of the University of Beira Interior. This chapter includes a brief introduction on the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance, considered a major threat to public health worldwide. Among the bacterial resistance mechanisms, active efflux pumps play a role in the extrusion of different molecules, thus contributing to antimicrobial resistance. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a Gram-positive bacterium that can present resistance to various antibiotics, for which NorA, a predominant efflux pump of these strains, is known to promote resistance to fluoroquinolones. Thus, inhibition of this efflux pump may modulate resistance in S. aureus, namely to fluoroquinolones. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the ability of a natural compound, resveratrol, to modulate fluoroquinolone resistance in S. aureus. To this purpose, the antimicrobial activity and the modulatory effect of resveratrol were evaluated, and the ability of resveratrol to inhibit ethidium bromide accumulation in S. aureus was subsequently also examined. In addition, the impact of resveratrol on the emergence of resistance and the prolongation of the post-antibiotic effect was also studied. Taken together, the results suggest that resveratrol modulated norfloxacin resistance by inhibiting of NorA, increasing the effectiveness of this antibiotic against S. aureus. The second chapter relates to the internship in Hospital Pharmacy, which was held in the Pharmaceutical Services of the University Hospital Center of Cova da Beira, from February 7 to March 25, 2022, under the supervision of Dr. Maria OlĂmpia Fonseca. Throughout the chapter, the areas and respective functions of pharmacists in hospital pharmacy are described, as well as the activities carried out during the internship. The third chapter refers to the internship in Community Pharmacy, which was held at the Pharmacy Moderna in Tortosendo, from March 28 to June 24, 2022, under the supervision of Dr. Maria OctĂĄvia Vaz and Dr. Fernando Campos. In this chapter, it is presented how the pharmacy works, the legislation that regulates the sector, the responsibilities attributed to the pharmacist in the practice of his professional activity, as well as the tasks and activities performed during the internship.
The present work includes three chapters that address each of the learning periods included in the curricular unit "Internship" of the Integrated Master in Pharmaceutical Sciences. The first chapter concerns to the laboratory research work developed at the Health Sciences Research Centre of the University of Beira Interior. This chapter includes a brief introduction on the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance, considered a major threat to public health worldwide. Among the bacterial resistance mechanisms, active efflux pumps play a role in the extrusion of different molecules, thus contributing to antimicrobial resistance. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a Gram-positive bacterium that can present resistance to various antibiotics, for which NorA, a predominant efflux pump of these strains, is known to promote resistance to fluoroquinolones. Thus, inhibition of this efflux pump may modulate resistance in S. aureus, namely to fluoroquinolones. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the ability of a natural compound, resveratrol, to modulate fluoroquinolone resistance in S. aureus. To this purpose, the antimicrobial activity and the modulatory effect of resveratrol were evaluated, and the ability of resveratrol to inhibit ethidium bromide accumulation in S. aureus was subsequently also examined. In addition, the impact of resveratrol on the emergence of resistance and the prolongation of the post-antibiotic effect was also studied. Taken together, the results suggest that resveratrol modulated norfloxacin resistance by inhibiting of NorA, increasing the effectiveness of this antibiotic against S. aureus. The second chapter relates to the internship in Hospital Pharmacy, which was held in the Pharmaceutical Services of the University Hospital Center of Cova da Beira, from February 7 to March 25, 2022, under the supervision of Dr. Maria OlĂmpia Fonseca. Throughout the chapter, the areas and respective functions of pharmacists in hospital pharmacy are described, as well as the activities carried out during the internship. The third chapter refers to the internship in Community Pharmacy, which was held at the Pharmacy Moderna in Tortosendo, from March 28 to June 24, 2022, under the supervision of Dr. Maria OctĂĄvia Vaz and Dr. Fernando Campos. In this chapter, it is presented how the pharmacy works, the legislation that regulates the sector, the responsibilities attributed to the pharmacist in the practice of his professional activity, as well as the tasks and activities performed during the internship.
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Keywords
FarmĂĄcia ComunitĂĄria FarmĂĄcia Hospitalar ResistĂȘncia Resveratrol Sistema de Efluxo Staphylococcus Aureus