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Abstract(s)
Este Relatório de Estágio foi elaborado no âmbito da unidade curricular (UC) “Estágio” do
Mestrado Integrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas (MICF). Esta UC encontra-se dividida em duas
componentes, Investigação e Estágio Curricular, pelo que será esta a divisão estrutural
adotada, correspondendo o Capítulo 1 à componente de Investigação e o Capítulo 2 à
componente de Estágio Curricular em Farmácia Comunitária.
A componente de investigação foi desenvolvida no Centro de Investigação em Ciências da
Saúde da Universidade da Beira Interior (CICS-UBI), na área de síntese química aplicada a
moléculas esteroides. Os esteroides são compostos amplamente estudados e com inúmeras
aplicações biológicas nos mais variados setores da fisiopatologia. Alguns têm, inclusive,
demonstrado grande potencial ao nível da inibição da proliferação celular, abrindo caminho
para possíveis avanços no combate a uma das patologias mais mortais da atualidade, o
cancro. É com base nestes dados que se considerou a importância de investigar compostos
estruturalmente semelhantes às moléculas com atividade citotóxica conhecida, explorando
métodos que permitam e otimizem a sua síntese e partindo depois para a sua avaliação
biológica. O desafio deste trabalho de investigação foi a síntese de ?5
-esteroides oxidados em
C4, que a avaliar pelos dados publicados na literatura parecem ser moléculas bastante
promissoras. Foram testadas várias condições reacionais com vista à obtenção destes
compostos, recorrendo essencialmente a reações de oxidação alílica e de acetilação. A
exploração das várias condições iniciou-se utilizando o colesterol como composto de partida.
Posteriormente, as condições que originaram melhores resultados foram aplicadas a outros
substratos, nomeadamente a diosgenina e o estigmasterol. Os compostos obtidos foram
avaliados através de um ensaio de citotoxicidade em fibroblastos humanos provenientes da
derme de um indivíduo adulto, com o objetivo de analisar a sua influência na viabilidade
celular.
O estágio curricular decorreu entre 16 de setembro de 2019 e 24 de janeiro de 2020 na
Farmácia Oliveirense, localizada em Oliveira de Frades, um dos concelhos do distrito de
Viseu. No segundo capítulo deste relatório é descrito o funcionamento geral de uma farmácia
comunitária e são abordadas diversas temáticas essenciais relacionadas com a prática
farmacêutica, bem como a legislação que regula o exercício desta profissão. São ainda
apresentadas as diversas atividades desenvolvidas durante este período.
This Internship Report was written within the scope of the curricular unit "Internship" of the Integrated Master’s in Pharmaceutical Sciences (IMPC). This curricular unit is divided into two components, Research and Curricular Internship, so this will be the adopted structural division, being Chapter 1 about the Research component and Chapter 2 about the Curricular Internship component in Community Pharmacy. The research component was developed at the University of Beira Interior’s Health Sciences Research Center on chemical synthesis applied to steroid molecules. Steroids are widely studied compounds having numerous biological applications in several areas of pathophysiology. Some have even shown great potential in terms of inhibiting cell proliferation, paving the way for possible advances in combating one of the nowadays’ most deadly pathologies, cancer. Based on these data, it was considered the importance of investigating structurally similar compounds to molecules with known cytotoxic activity, exploring methods that allow and optimize their synthesis and then go on to their biological evaluation. The challenge of this research was the synthesis of ?5 -oxidized steroids in C4, which according to the literature’s data seems to be very promising molecules. Different reaction conditions were tested in order to obtain these compounds, essentially using allyl oxidation and acetylation reactions. The reaction conditions’ evaluation began using cholesterol as the starting compound. Subsequently, the best conditions were applied to other substrates, namely diosgenin and stigmasterol. The synthesized compounds were evaluated using a citotoxicity assay on fibroblast cells from the dermis of an adult individual, aiming the analysis of their influence on cell viability. The curricular internship took place between September 16, 2019 and January 24, 2020 at Farmácia Oliveirense, located in Oliveira de Frades, a small village belonging to the Viseu district. In the second chapter of this report, the general functioning of a community pharmacy is described and several essential themes related to pharmaceutical practice are addressed, as well as the legislation that regulates this profession. The activities developed during this period are also reported.
This Internship Report was written within the scope of the curricular unit "Internship" of the Integrated Master’s in Pharmaceutical Sciences (IMPC). This curricular unit is divided into two components, Research and Curricular Internship, so this will be the adopted structural division, being Chapter 1 about the Research component and Chapter 2 about the Curricular Internship component in Community Pharmacy. The research component was developed at the University of Beira Interior’s Health Sciences Research Center on chemical synthesis applied to steroid molecules. Steroids are widely studied compounds having numerous biological applications in several areas of pathophysiology. Some have even shown great potential in terms of inhibiting cell proliferation, paving the way for possible advances in combating one of the nowadays’ most deadly pathologies, cancer. Based on these data, it was considered the importance of investigating structurally similar compounds to molecules with known cytotoxic activity, exploring methods that allow and optimize their synthesis and then go on to their biological evaluation. The challenge of this research was the synthesis of ?5 -oxidized steroids in C4, which according to the literature’s data seems to be very promising molecules. Different reaction conditions were tested in order to obtain these compounds, essentially using allyl oxidation and acetylation reactions. The reaction conditions’ evaluation began using cholesterol as the starting compound. Subsequently, the best conditions were applied to other substrates, namely diosgenin and stigmasterol. The synthesized compounds were evaluated using a citotoxicity assay on fibroblast cells from the dermis of an adult individual, aiming the analysis of their influence on cell viability. The curricular internship took place between September 16, 2019 and January 24, 2020 at Farmácia Oliveirense, located in Oliveira de Frades, a small village belonging to the Viseu district. In the second chapter of this report, the general functioning of a community pharmacy is described and several essential themes related to pharmaceutical practice are addressed, as well as the legislation that regulates this profession. The activities developed during this period are also reported.
Description
Keywords
Citotoxicidade Esteroides Farmácia Comunitária Oxidação Alílica