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Abstract(s)
A obesidade é talvez a maior pandemia que já assolou a população humana, estando a sua prevalência a aumentar em todo o mundo. Contudo, continua a ser dos problemas de saúde mais negligenciados. Ao contrário do que aconteceu com outras doenças associadas aos estilos de vida – como o tabagismo ou o alcoolismo – não há qualquer história de sucesso nacional de diminuição da sua prevalência. Isto porque ainda é uma situação incompreendida, que não surge apenas de maus hábitos alimentares e inatividade física. Pelo contrário, é uma doença complexa e multifatorial, que resulta da sinergia entre muitos e variados fatores de risco. Associa-se ao desenvolvimento de diversas e múltiplas complicações, que afetam não só a qualidade de vida, mas a própria esperança média de vida. Aliás, estima-se que pela primeira vez na história da humanidade, as gerações futuras terão uma esperança média de vida inferior à das gerações que lhes antecederam – muito por culpa da obesidade.
Isto porque o tecido adiposo não é apenas um órgão de armazenamento inerte, muito pelo contrário. Está envolvido em diversos mecanismos e funções endocrinológicas e até imunes. Assim, quando se expande de forma anormal e excessiva, associa-se a uma série de complicações.
Uma das complicações da obesidade é a doença renal crónica, em particular uma forma de glomerulopatia associada à obesidade. Esta doença caracteriza-se por uma evolução indolente, mas que se não tratada leva invariavelmente ao desenvolvimento de doença renal crónica. A sua fisiopatologia ainda não está completamente esclarecida, mas há alguns mecanismos que se sabe estarem envolvidos – e estão relacionados com a própria obesidade e a expansão patológica do tecido adiposo que a ela se associa. Está também associada a várias alterações estruturais e sintomas que têm fortes implicações na qualidade de vida.
Este trabalho tem assim como objetivo fazer uma revisão bibliográfica da literatura existente relativamente à obesidade (e ao tecido adiposo) e de que forma esta se relaciona com o desenvolvimento de doença renal crónica.
Obesity is perhaps the largest pandemic that has ever plagued the human population and its prevalence is increasing worldwide. However, it remains one of the most neglected health problems. Contrary to what happened with other lifestyle-related diseases - such as smoking or alcoholism - there is no nationally successful history of decreasing its prevalence. This is because it is still a misunderstood situation, that does not only rises from poor eating habits and physical inactivity. On the contrary, it is a complex and multifactorial disease that results from the synergy between many and varied risk factors. It is associated with the development of several and multiple complications, which affect not only the quality of life, but the average life expectancy itself. In fact, it is estimated that for the first time in the history of mankind, future generations will have a lower average life expectancy than the generations that preceded them - much as a result of obesity. This happens because adipose tissue is not just an inert storage organ, quite the opposite. It is involved in several endocrine and even immune mechanisms and functions. Thus, when it expands abnormally and excessively, it is associated with a series of complications. One of the complications of obesity is chronic kidney disease, in particular a form of obesity related glomerulopathy. This disease is characterized by an indolent evolution, but that left untreated, invariably leads to the development of chronic kidney disease. Its pathophysiology is not yet fully understood, but there are some mechanisms known to be involved - and those are related to obesity itself and the pathological expansion of adipose tissue associated with it. It is also associated with several structural changes and symptoms that have strong implications in the quality of life. This paper aims to review the existing literature on obesity (and adipose tissue) and how it relates to the development of chronic kidney disease.
Obesity is perhaps the largest pandemic that has ever plagued the human population and its prevalence is increasing worldwide. However, it remains one of the most neglected health problems. Contrary to what happened with other lifestyle-related diseases - such as smoking or alcoholism - there is no nationally successful history of decreasing its prevalence. This is because it is still a misunderstood situation, that does not only rises from poor eating habits and physical inactivity. On the contrary, it is a complex and multifactorial disease that results from the synergy between many and varied risk factors. It is associated with the development of several and multiple complications, which affect not only the quality of life, but the average life expectancy itself. In fact, it is estimated that for the first time in the history of mankind, future generations will have a lower average life expectancy than the generations that preceded them - much as a result of obesity. This happens because adipose tissue is not just an inert storage organ, quite the opposite. It is involved in several endocrine and even immune mechanisms and functions. Thus, when it expands abnormally and excessively, it is associated with a series of complications. One of the complications of obesity is chronic kidney disease, in particular a form of obesity related glomerulopathy. This disease is characterized by an indolent evolution, but that left untreated, invariably leads to the development of chronic kidney disease. Its pathophysiology is not yet fully understood, but there are some mechanisms known to be involved - and those are related to obesity itself and the pathological expansion of adipose tissue associated with it. It is also associated with several structural changes and symptoms that have strong implications in the quality of life. This paper aims to review the existing literature on obesity (and adipose tissue) and how it relates to the development of chronic kidney disease.
Description
Keywords
Adipocinas Doença Renal Crónica Glomerulopatia Associada à Obesidade. Inflamação Obesidade