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Avaliação da Sintomatologia Psicopatológica e do suporte social após uma perda perinatal
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Abstract(s)
Introdução: A perda perinatal, definida como qualquer perda ocorrida durante a gravidez
até aos primeiros 28 dias após o nascimento, é um evento inesperado, de grande impacto
emocional, que pode causar sintomatologia psicopatológica. A desvalorização social
associada a esta perda pode dificultar o luto e a procura a apoio adequado. Com este estudo,
pretende-se avaliar a sintomatologia psicopatológica e o suporte social percebido em
mulheres que experienciaram uma perda perinatal, e explorar possíveis associações entre
estas dimensões.
Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, transversal e correlacional,
com uma amostra de 41 mulheres. Utilizaram-se o Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-18) e a
Escala Multidimensional de Suporte Social Percebido (MSPSS).
Resultados: Os resultados revelaram níveis moderados de sintomatologia
psicopatológica: ansiedade (M = 6.90), depressão (M = 6.71) e baixos níveis de somatização
(M = 3.95), com um índice global de 17.56. O suporte social percebido foi elevado: família
(M = 5.71), amigos (M = 5.38), outros significativos (M = 6.30) e total (M = 5.80). Não se
verificaram correlações estatisticamente significativas entre os resultados do BSI-18 e da
MSPSS.
Conclusão: Apesar dos níveis elevados de suporte social percebido, estes não se
associaram significativamente à sintomatologia psicopatológica, enfatizando a
complexidade do luto perinatal e a necessidade de uma abordagem clínica cuidadosa, que
vá além do apoio fornecido por familiares e amigos. Os dados reforçam a importância da
formação de profissionais de saúde para uma resposta empática e informada e da criação
de protocolos clínicos formais. Futuros estudos deverão incluir amostras mais
diversificadas e perspetivas masculinas, e recorrer a metodologias longitudinais, de modo a
avaliar a evolução do luto e a eficácia de intervenções especializadas.
Introduction: Perinatal loss, defined as any loss occurring during pregnancy up to the first 28 days after birth, is an unexpected event with a significant emotional impact that may lead to the development of psychopathological symptoms. The social devaluation often associated with this type of loss can hinder the grieving process and the search for adequate support. This study aims to assess psychopathological symptoms and perceived social support among women who experienced perinatal loss, and to explore potential associations between these dimensions. Materials and Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional, and correlational study was conducted with a sample of 41 women. Data were collected using the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-18) and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). Results: Findings showed moderate levels of psychopathological symptoms: anxiety (M = 6.90), depression (M = 6.71), and low levels of somatization (M = 3.95), with a global severity index of 17.56. Perceived social support was high: family (M = 5.71), friends (M = 5.38), significant others (M = 6.30), and overall (M = 5.80). No statistically significant correlations were found between BSI-18 and MSPSS scores. Conclusion: Despite high levels of perceived social support, no significant associations were identified with psychopathological symptomatology, emphasizing the complexity of perinatal grief and the need for a clinical approach that goes beyond informal support. These results highlight the importance of training healthcare professionals for an empathetic and informed response and developing formal clinical protocols. Future research should include more diverse samples, incorporate male perspectives, and adopt longitudinal methodologies to evaluate the progression of grief and the effectiveness of specialized interventions.
Introduction: Perinatal loss, defined as any loss occurring during pregnancy up to the first 28 days after birth, is an unexpected event with a significant emotional impact that may lead to the development of psychopathological symptoms. The social devaluation often associated with this type of loss can hinder the grieving process and the search for adequate support. This study aims to assess psychopathological symptoms and perceived social support among women who experienced perinatal loss, and to explore potential associations between these dimensions. Materials and Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional, and correlational study was conducted with a sample of 41 women. Data were collected using the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-18) and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). Results: Findings showed moderate levels of psychopathological symptoms: anxiety (M = 6.90), depression (M = 6.71), and low levels of somatization (M = 3.95), with a global severity index of 17.56. Perceived social support was high: family (M = 5.71), friends (M = 5.38), significant others (M = 6.30), and overall (M = 5.80). No statistically significant correlations were found between BSI-18 and MSPSS scores. Conclusion: Despite high levels of perceived social support, no significant associations were identified with psychopathological symptomatology, emphasizing the complexity of perinatal grief and the need for a clinical approach that goes beyond informal support. These results highlight the importance of training healthcare professionals for an empathetic and informed response and developing formal clinical protocols. Future research should include more diverse samples, incorporate male perspectives, and adopt longitudinal methodologies to evaluate the progression of grief and the effectiveness of specialized interventions.
Description
Keywords
Luto Perda Perinatal Sintomatologia Psicopatológica Suporte Social