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Abstract(s)
Esta dissertação de mestrado encontra-se dividida em dois capítulos: o primeiro visa
apresentar o trabalho de investigação em Ciências da Saúde e o segundo é dedicado ao
estágio curricular em Farmácia Comunitária.
O Capítulo I baseia-se na investigação desenvolvida no Centro de Investigação em
Ciências da Saúde da Universidade da Beira Interior (CICS-UBI), sob a orientação da
Professora Doutora Rita Palmeira Oliveira, Doutora Joana Rolo e Mestre Ana Sofia
Oliveira. O óleo essencial (OE) de Eucalyptus globulus tem um grande interesse como
possível ingrediente para preparações farmacêuticas terapêuticas ou produtos
cosméticos devido a bioatividades já reportadas. O presente estudo visa determinar os
efeitos antimicrobianos, a atividade citotóxica e anti-inflamatória do óleo essencial de
Eucalyptus globulus e o seu interesse terapêutico e cosmético. A atividade
antimicrobiana do OE de Eucalyptus globulus foi determinada pelo ensaio de
microdiluição contra microrganismos incluídos no Challenge test de cosméticos (S.
aureus, P. aeruginosa, E. coli, C. albicans e A. brasiliensis) e em microrganismos que
fazem parte da microbiota da pele (S. epidermidis e C. amycolatum). A atividade
citotóxica do extrato nos fibroblastos da pele e macrófagos de ratinho foi determinada
através da avaliação do seu efeito na viabilidade celular (ensaio MTT). A atividade antiinflamatória do extrato foi analisada em macrófagos de ratinho estimulados por LPS,
avaliando o seu efeito sobre a produção de óxido nítrico (NO) utilizando o reagente
colorimétrico Griess. Além disso, o extrato foi avaliado quanto à sua capacidade de captar
NO, utilizando (S)-Nitroso-Nacetylpenicillamine (SNAP) como um doador de NO, num
modelo não celular. Verificámos que o OE de E. globulus é ativo reduzindo o crescimento
microbiano da C. albicans e A brasiliensis. Entre as bactérias Gram-positivas testadas, o
OE de E. globulus é mais ativo contra um patogénico da pele, C. amycolatum. Os nossos
resultados mostraram que o OE afeta a viabilidade celular de uma forma dosedependente, apresentando efeitos citotóxicos na maioria das concentrações testadas. O
extrato foi capaz de inibir a produção de nitritos de forma dose-dependente. em
concentrações não citotóxicas, e mostrou ter atividade scavenging nas concentrações
mais elevadas, não justificando assim a redução de nitritos dos macrófagos estimulados
por LPS. São necessários estudos futuros para compreender a bioatividade deste óleo,
determinar a sua toxicidade noutros modelos e assim beneficiar dos efeitos benéficos do
extrato em segurança. No capítulo II resume-se a experiência e aprendizagem obtida durante o estágio na
Farmácia São Cosme, na Covilhã, entre 8 de fevereiro e 18 de junho de 2021, sob a
orientação do Dr. Carlos Tavares.
This dissertation is divided in two chapters: the first one presents the research work developed in the health sciences field and the second is dedicated to the internship in Community Pharmacy. Chapter I is based on the research developed at the Health Sciences Research Center of the University of Beira Interior, under the guidance of Doctor Rita Palmeira Oliveira, Doctor Joana Rolo and Dr Ana Sofia Oliveira. Eucalyptus globulus’ essential oil is interesting as a possible ingredient for therapeutic pharmaceutical preparations or cosmetic products due to previously reported bioactivities. The present study aims to determine the antimicrobial effects, cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activity of Eucalyptus globulus’ essential oil and its therapeutic and cosmetic interest. The antimicrobial activity of Eucalyptus globulus’ essential oil was determined by the microdilution assay against microorganisms included in the cosmetics Challenge test (S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, E coli, C. albicans and A. brasiliensis) as well as microorganisms that are part of the skin microbiota (S. epidermidis e C. amycolatum). The cytotoxic activity of the extract on mouse skin fibroblasts and mouse macrophages was determined by evaluating its effect on cellular viability (MTT assay). The extract’s anti-inflammatory activity was investigated on LPS-stimulated mouse macrophages by evaluating its effect on the production of nitric oxide (NO) using Griess colorimetric reagent. Additionally, the extract was evaluated for its ability to scavenge NO, using (S)-NitrosoNacetylpenicillamine (SNAP) as a NO donor, in a non-cellular model. We found that the E. globulus’ essential oil was active reducing microbial growth specifically against C. albicans and A brasiliensis. Among the Gram-positive bacteria tested, E. globulus’ essential oil was more active against a skin pathogen, C. amycolatum. Our results showed that the essential oil affects cell viability in a dose-dependent manner, presenting cytotoxic effects at most concentrations tested. The extract was able to inhibit nitrites production in a dose-dependent manner, at non-cytotoxic concentrations, and showed only modest scavenging activity at the highest concentrations, thus not justifying the high reduction of nitrites by LPS stimulated macrophages. Future studies are needed to understand the mechanism of this oil, determine the toxicity and enhance the beneficial effects of the extract. Chapter II is a summary of the experience and learning acquired during the internship at São Cosme Pharmacy in Covilhã, between February 8th and June 18th 2021, under the guidance of Dr. Carlos Tavares.
This dissertation is divided in two chapters: the first one presents the research work developed in the health sciences field and the second is dedicated to the internship in Community Pharmacy. Chapter I is based on the research developed at the Health Sciences Research Center of the University of Beira Interior, under the guidance of Doctor Rita Palmeira Oliveira, Doctor Joana Rolo and Dr Ana Sofia Oliveira. Eucalyptus globulus’ essential oil is interesting as a possible ingredient for therapeutic pharmaceutical preparations or cosmetic products due to previously reported bioactivities. The present study aims to determine the antimicrobial effects, cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activity of Eucalyptus globulus’ essential oil and its therapeutic and cosmetic interest. The antimicrobial activity of Eucalyptus globulus’ essential oil was determined by the microdilution assay against microorganisms included in the cosmetics Challenge test (S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, E coli, C. albicans and A. brasiliensis) as well as microorganisms that are part of the skin microbiota (S. epidermidis e C. amycolatum). The cytotoxic activity of the extract on mouse skin fibroblasts and mouse macrophages was determined by evaluating its effect on cellular viability (MTT assay). The extract’s anti-inflammatory activity was investigated on LPS-stimulated mouse macrophages by evaluating its effect on the production of nitric oxide (NO) using Griess colorimetric reagent. Additionally, the extract was evaluated for its ability to scavenge NO, using (S)-NitrosoNacetylpenicillamine (SNAP) as a NO donor, in a non-cellular model. We found that the E. globulus’ essential oil was active reducing microbial growth specifically against C. albicans and A brasiliensis. Among the Gram-positive bacteria tested, E. globulus’ essential oil was more active against a skin pathogen, C. amycolatum. Our results showed that the essential oil affects cell viability in a dose-dependent manner, presenting cytotoxic effects at most concentrations tested. The extract was able to inhibit nitrites production in a dose-dependent manner, at non-cytotoxic concentrations, and showed only modest scavenging activity at the highest concentrations, thus not justifying the high reduction of nitrites by LPS stimulated macrophages. Future studies are needed to understand the mechanism of this oil, determine the toxicity and enhance the beneficial effects of the extract. Chapter II is a summary of the experience and learning acquired during the internship at São Cosme Pharmacy in Covilhã, between February 8th and June 18th 2021, under the guidance of Dr. Carlos Tavares.
Description
Keywords
Atividade Anti-Inflamatória Atividade Antimicrobiana Atividade Citotóxica Eucalyptus Globulus Farmácia Comunitária Óleo Essencial