| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.44 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O tema central desta investigação situa-se na utilização do Euskera como componente do
nacionalismo basco e a sua contribuição na luta pela independência do território e o que daí
derivou. Analisado o protonacionalismo experimentado na região, será feita uma retrospetiva
aos principais tipos de nacionalismos, nomeadamente através da comparação da situação do
Norte de Espanha. A autodeterminação basca sofreu um enorme Impulso com as ideias de Sabino
Arana, sobre o conceito de raça e idioma e culturas superiores do povo basco em relação ao
espanhol, dando origem ao antigo Partido Nacionalista Vasco, passou por décadas de letargia,
até ressurgir pela mão grupo terrorista ETA.
Esta instituição criada na altura para fazer apenas pressão política, cedo se apoderou da
sociedade basca, controlando toda a sua atividade política económica e cultural, desenhando
ela os destinos da língua. Sendo Euskadi uma comunidade com identidades culturais muito
próprias, estas vão ser exponenciadas com vista a conseguir-se a autodeterminação. Lutando
sempre contra Madrid, o aparecimento da democracia escreve uma página importante na vida
do Euskera e de seus simpatizantes ao proclamar o governo central espanhol a sua co
oficialização em 1979. Com a entrada na democracia e na posse dos destinos dos artefactos
culturais em poder de extremistas e moderados nacionalistas, aguardava-se um desfecho
favorável às pretensões nacionalistas, contudo o pouco espaço de manobra que Estados Nação
deixavam aos seus focos insurgentes, casos de franceses e ingleses, inclusive espanhóis cuja
máquina repressiva funcionava, para além da entrada deste reino na então Comunidade
Económica Europeia, veio arrefecer os ânimos, avivar as diferenças e unir talvez mais, os bascos
em torno da sua língua.
The main focus of this research is the use of Basque as a component of Basque nationalism, what its contribution in the struggle for the independence of the territory and what has derived from it. Analysing the pronationalist experienced in the region, a retrospective will be made to the main types of nationalisms and to compare the situation of Northern Spain with these. Basque self-determination underwent a tremendous boost with Sabino Arana's ideas, on the concept of race and language and higher cultures of the Basque people in relation to Spanish, giving rise to the old PNV, went through decades of lethargy, until resurgence by the hand terrorist group ETA. Born to made only political pressure, it soon agreed to Basque society, controlling all his economic and cultural political activity, drawing it the destinies of the language. Being Euskadi a community with very own cultural identities, these will be strengthened with a view to achieve self-determination. Always striving against Madrid, the emergence of democracy writes an important page in the life of the Basque language and its sympathizers when proclaiming the Spanish central government its co-officialization in 1979. With the entry into democracy and possession of the destinies of cultural artefacts in power of extremists and moderate nationalists, a favourable outcome to the nationalist pretensions was expected, but the little space of manoeuvre that Nation States left to their insurgent foci, cases of French and English, including Spanish whose repressive machine worked, beyond the entrance of this kingdom in the then European Economic Community, came to cool down, animate the differences and perhaps, unite more the Basques around their language.
The main focus of this research is the use of Basque as a component of Basque nationalism, what its contribution in the struggle for the independence of the territory and what has derived from it. Analysing the pronationalist experienced in the region, a retrospective will be made to the main types of nationalisms and to compare the situation of Northern Spain with these. Basque self-determination underwent a tremendous boost with Sabino Arana's ideas, on the concept of race and language and higher cultures of the Basque people in relation to Spanish, giving rise to the old PNV, went through decades of lethargy, until resurgence by the hand terrorist group ETA. Born to made only political pressure, it soon agreed to Basque society, controlling all his economic and cultural political activity, drawing it the destinies of the language. Being Euskadi a community with very own cultural identities, these will be strengthened with a view to achieve self-determination. Always striving against Madrid, the emergence of democracy writes an important page in the life of the Basque language and its sympathizers when proclaiming the Spanish central government its co-officialization in 1979. With the entry into democracy and possession of the destinies of cultural artefacts in power of extremists and moderate nationalists, a favourable outcome to the nationalist pretensions was expected, but the little space of manoeuvre that Nation States left to their insurgent foci, cases of French and English, including Spanish whose repressive machine worked, beyond the entrance of this kingdom in the then European Economic Community, came to cool down, animate the differences and perhaps, unite more the Basques around their language.
Description
Keywords
Construtivismo Estado Nação Eta Euskera Nacionalismo País Basco Terrorismo