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Abstract(s)
A vulnerabilidade dos elementos não estruturais (ENE) em edifícios sujeitos a sismos é
uma preocupação crescente, pois, embora não façam parte do suporte estrutural,
também são afetados, comprometendo a segurança e funcionalidade dos edifícios. Esta
dissertação investiga o reforço sísmico de edifícios, com foco na mitigação de danos nos
ENE, nomeadamente em paredes de preenchimento e divisórias, tetos suspensos e
sistemas de envidraçado. O principal objetivo é identificar as vulnerabilidades críticas
dos ENE e avaliar a eficácia de estratégias de mitigação de danos face a sismos.
A pesquisa inclui um levantamento detalhado de danos típicos em ENE com base em
inspeções pós-sísmicas, seguido de uma análise de estratégias de reforço e mitigação, tais
como a implementação de folgas sísmicas, conexões deslizantes e o reforço com materiais
compósitos. Adicionalmente, examina-se o impacto da flexibilidade estrutural no
desempenho dos ENE, demonstrando que, em edifícios com elevada flexibilidade, os
ENE são particularmente suscetíveis a falhas. Neste contexto, a aplicação de técnicas de
melhoramento específicas revela-se indispensável para assegurar não só a integridade
dos ENE, mas também a viabilidade global do edifício, uma vez que a resistência
estrutural por si só não é suficiente para garantir a sua funcionalidade após um sismo.
Conclui-se que a conjugação de um bom projeto sísmico com técnicas de mitigação
adequadas, envolvendo tanto os elementos estruturais como os não estruturais, é
fundamental para garantir a segurança dos edifícios, reduzir os custos de reparação e
assegurar a sua operacionalidade após um sismo.
The vulnerability of non-structural elements (NSE) in buildings subjected to earthquakes is a growing concern, as these components, although not part of the structural support, are the most affected, compromising the safety and functionality of buildings. This dissertation investigates the seismic retrofitting of buildings, focusing on damage mitigation in NSE, particularly in infill walls and partitions, suspended ceilings and glazing systems. The main objective is to identify the critical vulnerabilities of NSE and assess the effectiveness of damage mitigation strategies in the face of earthquakes. The research includes a detailed survey of typical NSE damage based on post-seismic inspections, followed by an analysis of retrofitting and mitigation strategies, such as the implementation of seismic gaps, sliding connections, and reinforcement with composite materials. Additionally, the impact of structural flexibility on the performance of NSE is examined, showing that, in highly flexible buildings, NSE are particularly prone to failure. In this context, the application of specific improvement techniques is essential to ensure not only the integrity of NSE but also the overall viability of the building, as structural resistance alone is not sufficient to guarantee its functionality after an earthquake. It is concluded that the combination of a good seismic design with appropriate mitigation techniques for both structural and non-structural elements is fundamental to ensuring the safety of buildings, reducing repair costs, and ensuring their operability after an earthquake.
The vulnerability of non-structural elements (NSE) in buildings subjected to earthquakes is a growing concern, as these components, although not part of the structural support, are the most affected, compromising the safety and functionality of buildings. This dissertation investigates the seismic retrofitting of buildings, focusing on damage mitigation in NSE, particularly in infill walls and partitions, suspended ceilings and glazing systems. The main objective is to identify the critical vulnerabilities of NSE and assess the effectiveness of damage mitigation strategies in the face of earthquakes. The research includes a detailed survey of typical NSE damage based on post-seismic inspections, followed by an analysis of retrofitting and mitigation strategies, such as the implementation of seismic gaps, sliding connections, and reinforcement with composite materials. Additionally, the impact of structural flexibility on the performance of NSE is examined, showing that, in highly flexible buildings, NSE are particularly prone to failure. In this context, the application of specific improvement techniques is essential to ensure not only the integrity of NSE but also the overall viability of the building, as structural resistance alone is not sufficient to guarantee its functionality after an earthquake. It is concluded that the combination of a good seismic design with appropriate mitigation techniques for both structural and non-structural elements is fundamental to ensuring the safety of buildings, reducing repair costs, and ensuring their operability after an earthquake.
Description
Keywords
Danos
Sísmicos Desempenho Sísmico Elementos Não Estruturais Mitigação de Danos Reforço Sísmico Vulnerabilidade de Nse
