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Authors
Abstract(s)
A solidão não desejada pode ser definida como um sentimento subjetivo negativo em
que um indivíduo se sente distante dos demais. A literatura analisada sugere a
existência de um conjunto significativo de fatores preditores de vivência psicológica da
solidão, sendo esta considerada preditora de menor saúde física e mental.
Desta forma, este estudo exploratório teve como objetivos caracterizar a vivência
psicológica da solidão em adultos portugueses, e relacionar essa vivência com possíveis
preditores como a sintomatologia depressiva, ansiedade e somatização, atitudes e
comportamentos de saúde, suporte social percebido e traços de personalidade.
A presente investigação abrangeu 214 participantes, 180 mulheres (84.1%) e 33 homens
(15.4%), com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 68 anos. O protocolo utilizado para
a recolha de dados foi composto pela UCLA Loneliness Scale Version 3 (UCLA-3),
Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), Brief Symptom
Inventory (BSI-18), Questionário de atitudes e Comportamentos de Saúde (QACS) e
NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI-20). Foi ainda utilizado um Questionário
Sociodemográfico a fim de recolher informação acerca da idade, do género e do
estatuto socioeconómico, por exemplo.
A análise dos resultados permitiu indicar como melhores preditores da vivência
psicológica da solidão, por ordem crescente, a Amabilidade, o Neuroticismo, o Suporte
Social fornecido por Amigos e o Suporte Social fornecido por Outros Significativos,
constituindo o Neuroticismo um fator de risco e os restantes, fatores de proteção. Este
estudo possibilita assim a compreensão da experiência psicológica de solidão e de
fatores a partir dos quais se poderá intervir no sentido de se reduzir a solidão
indesejada.
Unwanted loneliness can be defined as a negative subjective feeling in which an individual feels distant from others. The analyzed literature suggests the existence of a significant set of predictor factors for the psychological experience of loneliness, which is itself a predictor of lower physical and mental health. Thus, this exploratory study aimed to characterize the psychological experience of loneliness in Portuguese adults and relate this experience with possible predictors such as depressive symptoms, anxiety and somatization, health attitudes and behaviors, perceived social support and personality traits. The present investigation included 214 participants, 180 women (84.1%) and 33 men (15.4%), aged between 18 and 68 years. The protocol used for data collection was composed by the UCLA Loneliness Scale Version 3 (UCLA-3), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-18), Health Attitudes and Behaviors Questionnaire (QACS ) and NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEOFFI-20). A Sociodemographic Questionnaire was also used to collect information about age, gender and socioeconomic status, for example. The analysis of the results allowed us to indicate as the best predictors of the psychological experience of loneliness, in ascending order, Agreeableness, Neuroticism, Social Support provided by Friends and Social Support provided by Significant Others, with Neuroticism constituting a risk factor and the remaining, protective factors. This study contributed to a better understanding of the psychological experience and of the factors from which new interventions can be developed in order to reduce unwanted loneliness.
Unwanted loneliness can be defined as a negative subjective feeling in which an individual feels distant from others. The analyzed literature suggests the existence of a significant set of predictor factors for the psychological experience of loneliness, which is itself a predictor of lower physical and mental health. Thus, this exploratory study aimed to characterize the psychological experience of loneliness in Portuguese adults and relate this experience with possible predictors such as depressive symptoms, anxiety and somatization, health attitudes and behaviors, perceived social support and personality traits. The present investigation included 214 participants, 180 women (84.1%) and 33 men (15.4%), aged between 18 and 68 years. The protocol used for data collection was composed by the UCLA Loneliness Scale Version 3 (UCLA-3), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-18), Health Attitudes and Behaviors Questionnaire (QACS ) and NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEOFFI-20). A Sociodemographic Questionnaire was also used to collect information about age, gender and socioeconomic status, for example. The analysis of the results allowed us to indicate as the best predictors of the psychological experience of loneliness, in ascending order, Agreeableness, Neuroticism, Social Support provided by Friends and Social Support provided by Significant Others, with Neuroticism constituting a risk factor and the remaining, protective factors. This study contributed to a better understanding of the psychological experience and of the factors from which new interventions can be developed in order to reduce unwanted loneliness.
Description
Keywords
Estilo de Vida Isolamento Social Percebido Personalidade Psicopatologia Solidão