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O modelo de desenvolvimento centrado no uso do automóvel e no zonamento funcional, associado a baixas densidade de ocupação do território, mostrou-se profundamente desadequado à resolução dos problemas urbanos, em particular dos problemas específicos dos aglomerados urbanos com relevo acidentado, e contribuiu significativamente para a degradação da qualidade do ambiente e da vida urbana, levando progressivamente ao afastamento entre os locais de residência, trabalho, comércio, serviços e lazer, condicionando fortemente a mobilidade urbana. Partindo-se da premissa de que o sítio e a paisagem contêm em si a génese e o potencial gerador das formas construídas, os quais constituem um recurso, talvez o mais significativo dos aglomerados urbanos em sítios acidentadas, desenvolve-se uma reflexão sobre o modo como o planeamento urbano, ou a falta dele, condiciona a forma, a organização funcional e espacial dos aglomerados urbanos e, consequentemente, o estilo de vida dos seus habitantes. São também abordadas e analisadas um conjunto de questões específicas que se colocam no planeamento urbanístico e na morfologia urbana de sítios com relevo acidentado, procurandose avaliar até que ponto a escolha destes sítios constitui uma mais-valia ou, pelo contrário, uma fatalidade para a qualidade urbanística dos conjuntos urbanos assim como para a mobilidade e a qualidade de vida urbana. Procede-se ainda a um estudo do aglomerado urbano da Guarda, incidindo sobre aspetos como a demografia, a acessibilidade, as condicionantes físicas do território, a evolução da malha urbana desde da idade média à atualidade e ainda a morfologia da cidade contemporânea Tendo-se como objetivo perceber de que forma as políticas de planeamento e as características morfológicas do território, contribuíram para sua a forma e para a atual organização espacial das funções urbanas, analisa-se a influência destes fatores na mobilidade a partir da realização de um inquérito exploratório à população residente na freguesia urbana.
A low density development model focused on functional zoning and automobile use, proved to be deeply inadequate to solve urban problems, in particular the ones of the “urban areas on hilly sites” which this project addresses; on the contrary, it has contributed significantly to the degeneration of urban life and it´s environment, resulting in longer distances between living, working, shopping, services and leisure, etc., thus strongly affecting urban mobility. Assuming that the site and the landscape itself contains the genesis and the potential generator of built forms, which are, perhaps, the most significant feature of the urban settlements, specially the ones on hilly sites. This project develops a reflection on how urban planning, or its absence, affects the functional and spatial organization of urban areas, therefore the people’s life. A discussion and the analyses of a number of specific issues, that arise in urban planning and its morphology on sites with irregular relief, is preformed, attempting to assess in what extent the choice of these sites is an asset or, conversely, a fatality for the quality of urban ensembles and the conditions on mobility, hence the quality of urban life. A characterization of the city of Guarda urban area is developed as a case study focusing on aspects such as: demographics; accessibility; the physical constraints of the territory; the evolution of the urban fabric from the middle age to the present, including the morphology of the contemporary city. This project aims to understand how the planning policies and morphological characteristics of the territory, contributed to its shape as well as the current spatial organization of urban functions, it also analyses the influence of these factors on the mobility, through a survey (questionnaire) to the residents of urban parish.
A low density development model focused on functional zoning and automobile use, proved to be deeply inadequate to solve urban problems, in particular the ones of the “urban areas on hilly sites” which this project addresses; on the contrary, it has contributed significantly to the degeneration of urban life and it´s environment, resulting in longer distances between living, working, shopping, services and leisure, etc., thus strongly affecting urban mobility. Assuming that the site and the landscape itself contains the genesis and the potential generator of built forms, which are, perhaps, the most significant feature of the urban settlements, specially the ones on hilly sites. This project develops a reflection on how urban planning, or its absence, affects the functional and spatial organization of urban areas, therefore the people’s life. A discussion and the analyses of a number of specific issues, that arise in urban planning and its morphology on sites with irregular relief, is preformed, attempting to assess in what extent the choice of these sites is an asset or, conversely, a fatality for the quality of urban ensembles and the conditions on mobility, hence the quality of urban life. A characterization of the city of Guarda urban area is developed as a case study focusing on aspects such as: demographics; accessibility; the physical constraints of the territory; the evolution of the urban fabric from the middle age to the present, including the morphology of the contemporary city. This project aims to understand how the planning policies and morphological characteristics of the territory, contributed to its shape as well as the current spatial organization of urban functions, it also analyses the influence of these factors on the mobility, through a survey (questionnaire) to the residents of urban parish.
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Urbanismo - Planeamento urbanístico Planeamento urbanístico - Morfologia urbana Planeamento urbanístico - Mobilidade sustentável Planeamento urbanístico - Qualidade de vida Guarda - Planeamento urbanístico - Estudo de caso