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Buscou-se desenvolver, validar e comparar tabelas normativas das idades cronológicas e ósseas da massa corporal, estatura, coordenação motora, velocidade de deslocamento e força explosiva de membros inferiores de crianças do sexo masculino entre 10 e 14 anos, do projeto Rio Olímpico no Rio de Janeiro.
Com amostra de 694 indivíduos, utilizou-se a técnica Survey Normativo, e os protocolos: massa corporal, estatura, velocidade de deslocamento (30 metros), coordenação motora (Burpee), impulsão vertical (Sargent Jump Test) e Idade óssea (raios-X de punho/mão).
Verificou-se normalidade por Kolmogorov Smirnov, identificando-se ainda média e desvio padrão. Aplicou-se regressão linear múltipla para identificar a influência das variáveis independentes (idades cronológica e óssea) sobre as variáveis dependentes (força MI, coordenação e velocidade). Foram gerados subgrupos pela idade óssea por clusterização (G1=8, G2=9, G3=10, G4=11 a 13, G5=14 a 16 anos). Aplicou-se análise de variância (One-Way ANOVA) para comparação dos resultados dos testes entre os subgrupos e Post Hoc de Scheffé nos casos de diferenças significativas.
Desenvolveram-se tabelas das idades óssea e cronológica, utilizando-se o “Percentil” em 5 intervalos: de p0-p19,9; de p20-p39,9%; de p40-p59,9%; de p60-p79,9% e de p80 até p100%. Tendo como parâmetro idade óssea e massa corporal, G4 e G5 apresentaram diferenças (p=0,001) dos grupos G1, G2, e G3 que não foram diferentes entre si. Na estatura existe diferença (p=0,001) entre G1, G2, G3 e G4, quando comparados ao G5, assim como entre G1 e G4; do G2 com G3 e G4 (p=0,001). Na massa corporal e estatura G1, G2, G3, G4 e G5 apresentaram diferenças (p=0,001). Na comparação dos testes e idades ósseas dentro de cada grupo, não observaram-se diferenças significativas, porém, comparados entre grupos, apresentaram diferenças estatística significativa F(4; 378,4580) = 225,17; (p = 0,001). O grupo G5 diferiu do G3 na coordenação motora (p=0,001); e G5 apresentou maior força explosiva comparada a G1, G2, G3 e G4 (p=0,001) apresentando diferença entre G2 e G4 (p=0,001). Na velocidade de deslocamento, G5 apresentou resultados significativos em relação a G2, G3 e G4 (p=0,001). Os grupos G1, G2, G3, G4 e G5 se mostraram independentes para padrões motores.
Ambas as idades cronológica e óssea apresentaram resultados significativos na composição da reta para explicar impulsão vertical respectivamente o valor para o R=0,79 e 0,79; R2 = 0,63 e 0,62 para um p=0,001. Os resultados apresentaram 63% de certeza que a maturação óssea não influenciou a força explosiva. A coordenação motora não sofreu influência da idade cronológica (R = 0,49 para um R2 = 0,24) e idade óssea (R =0,36 e R2 = 0,13). A velocidade de deslocamento obteve para a idade cronológica (R = 0,59 para um R2 = 0,35) e idade óssea (R = 0,56 e um R2 = 0,31). Os resultados da reta de regressão indicam as idades óssea e cronológica aproximadamente 61% e 60%, de influência sobre as qualidades físicas.
Observando os resultados dos testes, tendo a idade cronológica como variável determinante, não houve diferença significativa entre as idades óssea e cronológica, justificando, a utilização da tabela de idade cronológica em detrimento da óssea.
It was developed, validated and compared the results of the chronological and bone ages of body mass, height, motor coordination, travel speed and explosive strength of lower limbs of male children between 10 and 14, of the Rio Olympic project in Rio de Janeiro. With a sample of 694 individuals, it was used the technique Survey Schedule, and Protocols: weight, height, travel speed (30 meters), motor coordination (Burpee), vertical jump (Sargent Jump Test) and bone age (Ray - X wrist / hand). It was verified by Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality, identifying even mean and standard deviation. It was applied multiple linear regression to identify the independent variables influence (chronological and bone ages) over the dependent variables (MI strength, coordination and speed). Subgroups by clustering for bone age (G1 = 8, G2 = 9 G3 = 10, G4 = 11 to 13, G5 = 14-16 years) were generated. It was applied analysis of variance (One-Way ANOVA) for test results comparison among subgroups and post hoc Scheffé in cases of significant differences. It was developed bone ages and chronological tables, using the "percentile" 5 ranges: of p0- p19 , 9%; p20- p39, 9 %; p40- p59, 9 %; whereas p60- p79, 9 % and p80% to p100 %. The parameter was the bone age and body weight, G4 and G5 showed differences (p = 0.001) of G1, G2, and G3 groups were not different. There is a difference in height (p = 0.001) among G1, G2, G3 and G4, when compared with G5 and between G1 and G4, G2 and G3 G4 (p = 0.001). In body mass and height G1, G2, G3, G4 and G5 showed differences (p = 0.001). Comparing the tests and bone ages within each group, no significant differences were observed, however, compared between groups were statistically significant F (4 , 378.4580) = 225.17, (p = 0.001). The G3 G5 group differed in motor coordination (p = 0.001) and G5 showed greater explosive power compared to G1, G2, G3 and G4 (p = 0.001) showing difference between G2 and G4 (p = 0.001). At speed, G5 showed significant results in relation to G2, G3 and G4 (p = 0.001). The G1, G2, G3, G4 and G5 were independent motor patterns. Both chronological and bone ages showed significant results in the formation of straight vertical jump respectively to explain the value for R = 0.79 and 0.79, R² = 0.63 and 0.62 for p = 0.001. The results showed 63 % of certainty that maturation did not influence the explosive force. Motor coordination was not affected by chronological age (R = 0.49 for R² = 0.24) and bone age (R = 0.36 and R² = 0.13). The velocity of displacement obtained for chronological age (R = 0.59 for R²= 0.35) and bone age (R = 0.56 and R² = 0.31). The results of the regression line indicate the bone and chronological ages approximately 61 % and 60 %, the influence on the physical qualities. Observing the results of the tests, with chronological age as a determining variable, there was no significant difference between bone and chronological ages, justifying the use of chronological age table at the expense of bone.
It was developed, validated and compared the results of the chronological and bone ages of body mass, height, motor coordination, travel speed and explosive strength of lower limbs of male children between 10 and 14, of the Rio Olympic project in Rio de Janeiro. With a sample of 694 individuals, it was used the technique Survey Schedule, and Protocols: weight, height, travel speed (30 meters), motor coordination (Burpee), vertical jump (Sargent Jump Test) and bone age (Ray - X wrist / hand). It was verified by Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality, identifying even mean and standard deviation. It was applied multiple linear regression to identify the independent variables influence (chronological and bone ages) over the dependent variables (MI strength, coordination and speed). Subgroups by clustering for bone age (G1 = 8, G2 = 9 G3 = 10, G4 = 11 to 13, G5 = 14-16 years) were generated. It was applied analysis of variance (One-Way ANOVA) for test results comparison among subgroups and post hoc Scheffé in cases of significant differences. It was developed bone ages and chronological tables, using the "percentile" 5 ranges: of p0- p19 , 9%; p20- p39, 9 %; p40- p59, 9 %; whereas p60- p79, 9 % and p80% to p100 %. The parameter was the bone age and body weight, G4 and G5 showed differences (p = 0.001) of G1, G2, and G3 groups were not different. There is a difference in height (p = 0.001) among G1, G2, G3 and G4, when compared with G5 and between G1 and G4, G2 and G3 G4 (p = 0.001). In body mass and height G1, G2, G3, G4 and G5 showed differences (p = 0.001). Comparing the tests and bone ages within each group, no significant differences were observed, however, compared between groups were statistically significant F (4 , 378.4580) = 225.17, (p = 0.001). The G3 G5 group differed in motor coordination (p = 0.001) and G5 showed greater explosive power compared to G1, G2, G3 and G4 (p = 0.001) showing difference between G2 and G4 (p = 0.001). At speed, G5 showed significant results in relation to G2, G3 and G4 (p = 0.001). The G1, G2, G3, G4 and G5 were independent motor patterns. Both chronological and bone ages showed significant results in the formation of straight vertical jump respectively to explain the value for R = 0.79 and 0.79, R² = 0.63 and 0.62 for p = 0.001. The results showed 63 % of certainty that maturation did not influence the explosive force. Motor coordination was not affected by chronological age (R = 0.49 for R² = 0.24) and bone age (R = 0.36 and R² = 0.13). The velocity of displacement obtained for chronological age (R = 0.59 for R²= 0.35) and bone age (R = 0.56 and R² = 0.31). The results of the regression line indicate the bone and chronological ages approximately 61 % and 60 %, the influence on the physical qualities. Observing the results of the tests, with chronological age as a determining variable, there was no significant difference between bone and chronological ages, justifying the use of chronological age table at the expense of bone.
Description
Keywords
Maturação Tabelas normativas Idade óssea Antropometria Qualidades físicas Maturation Reference tables Bone age Anthropometry Physical qualities