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Avaliação do Distresse Psicológico relacionado com a Diabetes, do Otimismo Disposicional e do Autocuidado em pacientes diagnosticados com Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2
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Abstract(s)
Antecedentes: Atualmente, os fatores associados ao progresso clínico da Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) abrangem uma gama mais ampla do que os tradicionais fatores clínicos. Sendo uma doença crónica, a gestão da diabetes e a convivência a longo prazo com as suas exigências influenciam significativamente os aspectos psicológicos e comportamentais dos pacientes.
Objetivo: Pretendeu-se analisar a relação entre o Autocuidado, o Distresse Psicológico relacionado com a diabetes e o Otimismo Disposicional em pacientes com DM2.
Método: Participaram71 indivíduos com diagnóstico de DM2, com idades compreendidas entre 43 e 91 anos, utentes do Departamento de Diabetologia da Unidade Local de Saúde da Cova da Beira. Os participantes responderam a um questionário sociodemográfico e 3 questionários de autorelato: ‘’Escala de actividades de autocuidado com a diabetes’’, “Problem Areas In Diabetes5” e ‘’Revised Life Orientation Test’’, nas suas versões adaptadas para português.
Resultados: Em relação aos níveis totais, o Autocuidado apresentou uma média de 5 dias por semana, o Distresse Psicológico relacionado com a diabetes apresentou níveis ligeiramente acima do ponto de corte, e o Otimismo Disposicional apresentou níveis acima da média. Não foram encontradas correlações significativas entre o Autocuidado e o Otimismo Disposicional, nem com o Distresse Psicológico. No entanto, verificou-se uma correlação significativa entre o Otimismo Disposicional e o Distresse Psicológico relacionado com a diabetes.
Conclusões: Concluiu-se que, embora o otimismo possa reduzir o distresse psicológico dos pacientes, ele, por si só, não é suficiente para melhorar os comportamentos de autocuidado ou aumentar a adesão ao tratamento.
Background: Currently, the factors associated with the clinical progression of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) cover a wider range than traditional clinical factors. As a chronic disease, managing diabetes and living with its demands over the long term significantly influences the psychological and behavioural aspects of patients. Aim: The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between Self-care, Diabetes Distress and Dispositional Optimism in patients with T2DM. Method: This study included the participation of 71 individuals diagnosed with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, aged between 43 and 91 years, users of the Diabetology Department of the Local Health Unit of Cova da Beira. The participants answered a sociodemographic questionnaire and 3 self-report questionnaires: ‘Diabetes Self-Care Activities Scale’, ‘Problem Areas In Diabetes-5’ and ‘Revised Life Orientation Test’, in their Portuguese adapted versions. Results: Related to total levels, Self-Care showed an average of 5 days per week, Diabetes distress showed levels slightly above the cut-off point, and Dispositional Optimism showed above average levels. No significant correlations were found between Self-Care and Dispositional Optimism, nor with Diabetes Distress. However, there was a significant correlation between Dispositional Optimism and Diabetes Distress. Conclusions: It was concluded that although optimism can reduce patients' psychological distress, it alone is not enough to improve self-care behaviours or increase adherence to treatment.
Background: Currently, the factors associated with the clinical progression of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) cover a wider range than traditional clinical factors. As a chronic disease, managing diabetes and living with its demands over the long term significantly influences the psychological and behavioural aspects of patients. Aim: The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between Self-care, Diabetes Distress and Dispositional Optimism in patients with T2DM. Method: This study included the participation of 71 individuals diagnosed with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, aged between 43 and 91 years, users of the Diabetology Department of the Local Health Unit of Cova da Beira. The participants answered a sociodemographic questionnaire and 3 self-report questionnaires: ‘Diabetes Self-Care Activities Scale’, ‘Problem Areas In Diabetes-5’ and ‘Revised Life Orientation Test’, in their Portuguese adapted versions. Results: Related to total levels, Self-Care showed an average of 5 days per week, Diabetes distress showed levels slightly above the cut-off point, and Dispositional Optimism showed above average levels. No significant correlations were found between Self-Care and Dispositional Optimism, nor with Diabetes Distress. However, there was a significant correlation between Dispositional Optimism and Diabetes Distress. Conclusions: It was concluded that although optimism can reduce patients' psychological distress, it alone is not enough to improve self-care behaviours or increase adherence to treatment.
Description
Keywords
Autocuidado Diabetes Mellitus Distresse Psicológico Relacionado com a Diabetes Otimismo
Disposicional