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Abstract(s)
A África continua a ser um dos continentes com níveis elevados de pobreza energética.
Segundo os dados disponíveis durante o período de análise desta pesquisa, é possível
notar que, em termos médios, cerca de 57% da população total dos países da amostra
analisados não tem acesso ao consumo de eletricidade. Assim, o principal objetivo desta
dissertação é analisar e avaliar o efeito diferencial dos determinantes da pobreza
energética em África (36 países, sendo 32 pertencentes à África Subsariana e 4 à África
Setentrional), no período de 2000 a 2020. Consideraremos a amostra total e duas
subamostras na análise da pobreza energética, mensurada pelo acesso da população à
eletricidade, tanto urbana quanto rural, de acordo com os dados coletados nos
Indicadores de Desenvolvimento do Banco Mundial. Em termos de estudo empírico, para
analisar a relação entre o acesso à eletricidade e os seguintes drivers população
desempregada, investimento direto estrangeiro, crescimento económico, população ativa
dos 15-64 anos e a população idosa com 65 anos ou mais, usamos modelos de regressões
fracionárias. Os principais resultados inferem que o crescimento económico e a população
com 65 anos ou mais têm um impacto benéfico no acesso à eletricidade. As populações
desempregadas em todos os modelos estimados têm um efeito negativo na acessibilidade
elétrica. Além disso, o investimento direito estrangeiro urbano tem um efeito positivo,
enquanto o investimento direito estrangeiro rural tem um impacto negativo no acesso à
eletricidade.
Africa continues to be one of the continents with high levels of energy poverty. According to the data available during the period of analysis of this research, it is possible to note that, on average, around 57% of the total population of the sample countries analysed does not have access to electricity consumption. Thus, the main objective of this dissertation is to analyse and evaluate the differential effect of the determinants of energy poverty in Africa (36 countries, 32 of which belong to sub-Saharan Africa and 4 to northern Africa), from 2000 to 2020. We will consider the total sample and two sub-samples when analysing energy poverty, measured by the population's access to electricity, both urban and rural, according to the data collected in the World Bank's Development Indicators. In terms of the empirical study, we used fractional regression models to analyse the relationship between access to electricity and the following drivers: unemployed population, foreign direct investment, economic growth, working population aged 15-64 and the elderly population aged 65 and over. The main results infer that economic growth and the population aged 65 and over have a beneficial impact on access to electricity. Unemployed populations in all estimated models have a negative effect on electricity accessibility. In addition, urban foreign direct investment has a positive effect, while rural foreign direct investment has a negative impact on electricity access.
Africa continues to be one of the continents with high levels of energy poverty. According to the data available during the period of analysis of this research, it is possible to note that, on average, around 57% of the total population of the sample countries analysed does not have access to electricity consumption. Thus, the main objective of this dissertation is to analyse and evaluate the differential effect of the determinants of energy poverty in Africa (36 countries, 32 of which belong to sub-Saharan Africa and 4 to northern Africa), from 2000 to 2020. We will consider the total sample and two sub-samples when analysing energy poverty, measured by the population's access to electricity, both urban and rural, according to the data collected in the World Bank's Development Indicators. In terms of the empirical study, we used fractional regression models to analyse the relationship between access to electricity and the following drivers: unemployed population, foreign direct investment, economic growth, working population aged 15-64 and the elderly population aged 65 and over. The main results infer that economic growth and the population aged 65 and over have a beneficial impact on access to electricity. Unemployed populations in all estimated models have a negative effect on electricity accessibility. In addition, urban foreign direct investment has a positive effect, while rural foreign direct investment has a negative impact on electricity access.
Description
Keywords
Acesso à Eletricidade Urbana África Subsariana Pobreza Energética Rural Setentrional e Modelo de Regressão Fracionada