A carregar...
Publicação
Muros de solo reforçado com geogrelhas: Estudo de caso de desenvolvimento de encosta
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6.45 MB | Adobe PDF |
Autores
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A crescente necessidade de aproveitar terrenos com topografia acentuada e adotar soluções construtivas mais sustentáveis tem impulsionado o uso de estruturas de solo reforçado com geogrelhas, que se destacam pela sua versatilidade, durabilidade, desempenho mecânico, eficiência económica, rapidez construtiva e integração paisagística. Contudo, este tipo de solução ainda enfrenta desafios significativos no contexto normativo europeu, o que tem conduzido a uma heterogeneidade de abordagens de dimensionamento, uma vez que os projetos continuam a ser desenvolvidos com base em recomendações e normas nacionais distintas, como a BS 8006-1 (Reino Unido), a NF P 94-220 (França), a EBGEO (Alemanha) ou a CUR 198 (Países Baixos). Tal diversidade normativa reflete-se em discrepâncias nos critérios de verificação e nos parâmetros de cálculo, o que dificulta a uniformização técnica e a comunicação entre projetistas, gestores de obra e fiscalização. A presente dissertação tem como objetivo analisar de forma integrada os principais fatores técnicos, normativos e de gestão envolvidos no projeto e execução de taludes de solo reforçado, de modo a contribuir para a otimização do dimensionamento, a melhoria da comunicação entre projetistas e gestores de obra e o aperfeiçoamento de práticas construtivas sustentáveis. A metodologia adotada combina uma revisão bibliográfica e normativa com a análise de um estudo de caso, referente a um muro de solo reforçado integrado num projeto de desenvolvimento de encosta, permitindo relacionar as considerações teóricas com a prática de projeto e construção, enquadrado no contexto normativo europeu atual, nomeadamente da EN 14475:2006 e da segunda geração do Eurocódigo 7 (prEN 1997-3), que introduz regras específicas para o dimensionamento de estruturas de solo reforçado. Os resultados evidenciam que a harmonização de critérios de dimensionamento é determinante para assegurar a segurança e a eficiência das estruturas de solo reforçado. O estudo de caso demonstrou que ajustes pontuais em parâmetros de projeto e na seleção de materiais podem originar ganhos significativos em termos técnicos e económicos, sem comprometer a estabilidade global da estrutura. Foram ainda discutidas oportunidades para a integração de considerações ambientais e de sustentabilidade, que poderão ser aprofundadas em trabalhos futuros. O trabalho identifica ainda oportunidades futuras de investigação, nomeadamente no aprofundamento experimental da interface solo–geossintético e na modelação numérica avançada.
The growing need to make use of steeply sloping land, combined with the demand for more sustainable and efficient construction solutions, has significantly driven the use of soilreinforced structures with geogrids. Compared to traditional reinforced concrete solutions, this type of structure offers a wide range of advantages, including versatility, durability, favourable mechanical performance, cost efficiency, rapid construction, and strong landscape integration. These characteristics make reinforced soil walls particularly suitable for infrastructure works, slope stabilisation, and urban development on complex terrain. However, despite their recognised benefits, the widespread application of these structures within the European context still faces significant regulatory challenges. The absence, until recently, of a fully harmonised European framework has led to a heterogeneous set of design approaches across different countries, resulting in the use of distinct national recommendations and standards such as BS 8006-1 (United Kingdom), NF P 94-220 (France), EBGEO (Germany), or CUR 198 (Netherlands). This regulatory diversity results in discrepancies in verification criteria, calculation methods, and adopted parameters, which hinder technical standardisation and effective communication between designers, site managers, and supervisory entities. Against this background, the present dissertation aims to provide an integrated analysis of the main technical, regulatory, and management factors involved in the design and construction of geogrid-reinforced soil walls. The goal is to contribute to the optimisation of design processes, improve communication between stakeholders, and promote more sustainable construction practices. The adopted methodology combines a comprehensive bibliographic and regulatory review with a detailed analysis of a real case study involving a reinforced soil wall integrated into a slope development project. This approach establishes a direct link between theoretical considerations and current design and construction practices, framed within the current European regulatory context. Particular emphasis is placed on EN 14475:2006 and on the second generation of Eurocode 7 (prEN 1997-3), which introduces specific rules for the design of reinforced soil structures. The results obtained show that the harmonisation of design criteria is a decisive factor for ensuring the safety, reliability, and economic efficiency of these structures. The case study demonstrated that careful adjustments to design parameters, as well as the selection of reinforcement and fill materials, can lead to significant improvements in technical and economic performance without compromising the overall stability of the structure. Moreover, opportunities were identified to integrate environmental and sustainability considerations, particularly through the use of recycled materials and landscape impact minimisation, which may form the basis for future research. Finally, the dissertation identifies promising avenues for further investigation, including experimental studies of the soil–geosynthetic interface, the long-term performance of reinforced soil structures, and the application of advanced numerical modelling techniques. These developments will enhance the understanding of resistance mechanisms and enable further optimisation of design criteria.
The growing need to make use of steeply sloping land, combined with the demand for more sustainable and efficient construction solutions, has significantly driven the use of soilreinforced structures with geogrids. Compared to traditional reinforced concrete solutions, this type of structure offers a wide range of advantages, including versatility, durability, favourable mechanical performance, cost efficiency, rapid construction, and strong landscape integration. These characteristics make reinforced soil walls particularly suitable for infrastructure works, slope stabilisation, and urban development on complex terrain. However, despite their recognised benefits, the widespread application of these structures within the European context still faces significant regulatory challenges. The absence, until recently, of a fully harmonised European framework has led to a heterogeneous set of design approaches across different countries, resulting in the use of distinct national recommendations and standards such as BS 8006-1 (United Kingdom), NF P 94-220 (France), EBGEO (Germany), or CUR 198 (Netherlands). This regulatory diversity results in discrepancies in verification criteria, calculation methods, and adopted parameters, which hinder technical standardisation and effective communication between designers, site managers, and supervisory entities. Against this background, the present dissertation aims to provide an integrated analysis of the main technical, regulatory, and management factors involved in the design and construction of geogrid-reinforced soil walls. The goal is to contribute to the optimisation of design processes, improve communication between stakeholders, and promote more sustainable construction practices. The adopted methodology combines a comprehensive bibliographic and regulatory review with a detailed analysis of a real case study involving a reinforced soil wall integrated into a slope development project. This approach establishes a direct link between theoretical considerations and current design and construction practices, framed within the current European regulatory context. Particular emphasis is placed on EN 14475:2006 and on the second generation of Eurocode 7 (prEN 1997-3), which introduces specific rules for the design of reinforced soil structures. The results obtained show that the harmonisation of design criteria is a decisive factor for ensuring the safety, reliability, and economic efficiency of these structures. The case study demonstrated that careful adjustments to design parameters, as well as the selection of reinforcement and fill materials, can lead to significant improvements in technical and economic performance without compromising the overall stability of the structure. Moreover, opportunities were identified to integrate environmental and sustainability considerations, particularly through the use of recycled materials and landscape impact minimisation, which may form the basis for future research. Finally, the dissertation identifies promising avenues for further investigation, including experimental studies of the soil–geosynthetic interface, the long-term performance of reinforced soil structures, and the application of advanced numerical modelling techniques. These developments will enhance the understanding of resistance mechanisms and enable further optimisation of design criteria.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Dimensionamento Geotécnico Estabilidade Estudo de Caso Geossintéticos Gestão da Construção Interação Solo–Geossintético. Muros de Solo Reforçado Projeto